Detailed Project Report (DPR) on flat pvc laminated safety glass and toughened

FLAT PVC LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS & TOUGHENED GLASS

A laminate is an orderly layering and bonding of  relatively thin materials. A commonly laminated material is glass.  Usually, two  pieces of float or sheet glass are bonded with  poly  (vinyl butyral)  (PVB)  ( see Vinyl polymers,  poly(vinyl  acetals))  to produce  a  highly transparent safety glass,  eg,  an  automotive windshield.  This  combining  of  transparent  abrasion-resistant glass  and resilient plastic achieves the durability  and  safety demand of such products. Other materials that may be incorporated in  laminated glass are colorants, electrically conducting  films or  wires, and rigid plastics. The value of the laminate  is  the utilization  of  the  desirable  properties  from  each  of   the constituents.  In  the case of laminated  glass,  the  excellent weathering  properties  of the glass protect  the  impact-energy-absorbing  plastic  interlayer from deterioration  abrasion,  and soiling. Benedictus, a French chemist who accidentally broke a  flask that  contained  dried-on  cellulose nitrate,  is  credited  with founding  the laminated-glass industry (1). The first patent  was issued in 1906 (2).

Cost Estimation

Plant Capacity                                           330000 sq.ft./Day
Land & Building (Area 5000 sq.mt.)     Rs. 5.79 Cr.
Plant & Machinery                                    Rs. 7.17 Cr.        
W.C. for 1 Months                                     Rs. 50.59 Cr.          
Total Capital Investment                         Rs. 65.27 Cr.             
Rate of Return                                          88%  
Break Even Point                                     20%

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

PROPERTIES

PROPERTIES OF GLASS CHEMICALS FOR TOUGHENED GLASS

THE COMPOSITION OF GLASS:

ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES

RAW MATERIALS USED FOR GLASS MAKING

USES AND APPLICATION

B. I. S.  SPECIFICATION

FOR SAFETY GLASS & TOUGHENED GLASS:

MARKET POSITION WITH FUTURE DEMAND

(A)  FOR LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS:

TABLE: PRODUCTION OF LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS

PRESENT MANUFACTURERS OF LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY

CHILLER

COMPRESSOR

AUTOCLAVE PRESS

SUPPLIER OF RAW MATERIALS

NITRO CELLULOSE

TOUGHENED GLASS

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE FOR LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS

OTHER PROCESSES:-

SPECIAL LAMINATED WINDSHIELDS:-

INTERLAYER FOR LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS:-

EXAMPLE 1:-

EXAMPLE 2:-

SAFETY LAMINATION:-

FORMULATION

FORMULATION:

THEN THE FOLLOWING ADDITIONAL INGREDIENTS ARE ADDED:

FORMULATION:

FLOW SHEET

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PVC LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS

EXAMPLE 1

A FILM 0.5 MM THICK MADE:

EXAMPLE 2

A FILM 0.5 MM THICK, MADE

EXAMPLE 3

EXAMPLE 4

EXAMPLE 5

EXAMPLE 6

EXAMPLE 7

EXAMPLE 8

EXAMPLE 9

EXAMPLE 10

EXAMPLE 11

EXAMPLE 12

EXAMPLE 13

EXAMPLE 14

EXAMPLE 15

POLYVINYL BUTYRAL COMPOSITE INTERLAYER FOR LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS

BULLETPROOF LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

EXAMPLE 3

EXAMPLE 4

EXAMPLE 5

EXAMPLE 6

EXAMPLE 7

EXAMPLE 8

EXAMPLE 9

EXAMPLE 10

EXAMPLE 11

PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING LAMINATED SAFETY GLASS

FIRST PROCESS:

SECOND PROCESS:

EXAMPLE 1:

EXAMPLE 2:

EXAMPLE 3:

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1:

EXAMPLE 4:

VISIBLE RADIATION PERMEABILITY:

HAZE:

PENETRATION RESISTANCE:

ADHESION:

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING FIRE-RESISTANT SAFETY GLASS

METHOD OF PRODUCING TOUGHENED GLASS

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TOUGHENING GLASS

THERMALLY TOUGHENING GLASS

EXAMPLE 3

EXAMPLE 4

EXAMPLE 5

EXAMPLE 6

EXAMPLE 7

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)