LIQUID BROMINE MANUFACTURING PLANT
[CODE NO.3906]
The bromine name derived from Greek word brómos, which means "strong-smelling" or "stench". Bromine (Br2) atom is belongs to the halogen group having atomic number 35. Bromine is the only liquid nonmetallic element. It is a heavy, volatile, mobile, dangerous reddish-brown liquid. The red vapor has a strong unpleasant odor and the vapor irritates the eyes and throat. It is a bleaching. When spilled on the skin it produces painful sores. It is a serious health hazard, and maximum safety precautions should be taken when handling it.
Bromine, like chlorine, fluorine and iodine, is one of the elements in the chemical group known as “halogens”.
Bromine (Br), chemical element, a deep red noxious liquid, and a member of the halogen elements, or Group 17 (Group VIIa) of the periodic table.
Table: basic information about and classifications of bromine.
Name: Bromine
Symbol: Br
Atomic number: 35
Atomic weight: 79.904
Standard state: liquid at 298K
Bromine was not discovered as a chemical element until 1826, when the French chemist Antoine Balard isolated it from chlorine. Bromine in its elemental form is a highly volatile reddish-brown liquid at room temperature.
The bromine element is easily extracted from brine pools due to its high solubility. Organo bromine compounds were readily converted to free bromine at high temperatures; this process has the effect of stopping free radical chemical chain reactions. This effect makes organo bromine compounds useful as fire retardants and more than half of the bromine produced industrially worldwide each year is used for the same. Unfortunately, a volatile organo bromine compound was converted into the free bromine atoms in the atmosphere and leads to the ozone depletion. As a result, many organo bromide compounds that were in common use formerly the pesticide methyl bromide have been abandoned.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 19.5 MT/Day
Land & Building (5000 sq.mt.) Rs. 2.71 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 35.19 Cr
Working Capital for 1 Month Rs. 3.60 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 42.66 Cr
Rate of Return 28%
Break Even Point 55%
INTRODUCTION
LOCATION OF THE PLANT
CLIMATE
RIVERS AND DAMS
ECONOMY
OCCURRENCE
THE OCCURRENCE OF BROMINE IN VARIOUS SOURCES IS SUMMARIZED IN TABLE
PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
REACTIONS WITH HYDROGEN AND METALS
REACTIONS IN WATER
REACTIONS WITH ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
B.I.S. SPECIFICATIONS
SCOPE
REQUIREMENTS
TABLE - 1: REQUIREMENTS FOR BROMINE, TECHNICAL
PACKING & MARKETING
PACKING
MARKING
SAMPLING
ANALYSIS OF BROMINE, TECHNICAL
CALCULATION:
DETERMINATION OF BROMINE
THE SOLUTION SHALL BE STANDARDIZED BEFORE USE.
PROCEDURE
DETERMINATION OF CHLORINE
PROCEDURE
CALCULATION
DETERMINATION OF NON-VOLATILE MATTER
PROCEDURE
CALCULATION
TEST FOR IODINE
ZINC DUST
TEST FOR SULPHATES
SAMPLING OF BROMINE, TECHNICAL
NUMBER OF CONTAINERS TO BE DRAWN FOR SAMPLING
TESTS:
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
APPLICATION OF BROMINE
WATER PURIFICATION
AGRICULTURE
CARS - PAST AND FUTURE
HEALTHCARE
PHOTOGRAPHY
BROMINATED FLAMES RETARDANTS (BFRS)
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
EFFLUENT
ENGINEERING ASPECTS
STORAGE AND TRANSPORTATION
TOXIC HAZARDS
SAFETY
MARKET SURVEY
BROMINE PRODUCTION WORLDWIDE BY LEADING COUNTRIES 2015-2019
USES OF BROMINE
FLAME RETARDANTS
DRILLING FLUIDS
BROMINATED AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS
BIOCIDES/WATER TREATMENT
BROMINATED INTERMEDIATE
OTHER USES
BASED ON APPLICATION, FLAME RETARDANTS SEGMENT ACCOUNTED
FOR THE LARGEST MARKET SHARE IN 2018
BASED ON DERIVATIVE, THE ORGANOBROMINE SEGMENT ACCOUNTED
FOR THE LARGEST MARKET SHARE IN 2018
ASIA PACIFIC ACCOUNTED FOR THE LARGEST SHARE
OF THE BROMINE MARKET IN 2018
KEY MARKET PLAYERS
INCREASING DEMAND FOR FLAME RETARDANTS
ASIA-PACIFIC REGION TO DOMINATE THE MARKET
ALBEMARLE
CHEMTURA
GULF RESOURCES
ISRAEL CHEMICALS (ICL)
TOSOH
WORLD REVIEW
BROMINE: WORLD PRODUCTION, BY COUNTRY OR LOCALITY
BROMINE MANUFACTURERS IN INDIA
NOT IN PRODUCTION - FOR CAPTIVE CONSUMPTION ONLY
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
FROM SEA WATER
RAW MATERIAL
BLOCK DIAGRAM FOR MANUFACTURING PROCESS
REACTION
PROCESS DIVIDES IN THREE STEPS
UNSCUBBED GAS REACHED TO FINAL SCRUBBER TO GET NEUTRALIZED
WITH DILUTE CAUSTIC SOLUTION.
AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS & THEIR CONTROL
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM
PROCESS DESCRIPTION AS PER DE-DIETRICH
FEED FLOWS
BROMIDE SOLUTION
HCL 30-33% FOR ACIDIFICATION TO PH 2-3
CHLORINE
OUTLET FLOWS
EFFLUENT
PURE BROMINE
VENT GAS TO SCRUBBER
3) UTILITIES AT DESIGN VALUE
LIVE STEAM
HEATING STEAM
COOLING WATER
CHILLED WATER
POWER CONSUMPTION
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
BROMINE STRIPPING COLUMN
PURIFICATION COLUMN
VENT GAS SCRUBBER
MACHINERY SUPPLIERS
MAIN PLANT SUPPLIER
RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS
CHLORINE GAS
RAW MATERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS
PRODUCT PHOTOGRAPHS
MACHINERY PHOTOGRAPHS
APPENDIX – A:
01. PLANT ECONOMICS
02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
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