Industry Overview
Wooden furniture comprises articles used in homes, businesses, and public buildings, including chairs, tables, beds, safes, sofas, almirahs, and cabinets. Furniture making is an ancient craft in India, with Indian expertise in woodworking historically recognized in different parts of the world. Evidence indicates that timber furniture such as chairs, stools, and beds was used as early as 3000 B.C. by ancient civilizations including the Sumerians, Babylonians, Egyptians, and Greeks.
Traditionally, furniture production relied heavily on carpentry skills and hand tools. Modern woodworking combines these skills with specialized machinery and sequential manufacturing operations to improve productivity and consistency. The report covers wood seasoning methods, including air and kiln seasoning, as well as wood-working processes, machinery safety, plant layout, raw-material requirements, and the manufacturing process for wooden furniture.
It also examines wood ash bricks or bio bricks, including material selection, sieving, mixing, moulding, drying, firing, and testing. The report discusses the Indian wooden furniture and construction sectors, plywood's role in furniture manufacturing, environmental considerations, plant location factors, project implementation, and suppliers of machinery and raw materials.
Cost Estimation
| Particulars | Value |
|---|---|
| Plant Capacity | 320 Nos/day |
| Land & Building (6000 Sq.MT) | Rs. 82.00 Lacs |
| Plant & Machinery | Rs. 15.00 Lacs |
| Working Capital for 2 Month | Rs 5.69 Cr |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 6.70 Cr |
| Rate of Return | 43% |
| Break Even Point | 43% |
Content Index
- INTRODUCTION
- BIO BRICKS
- ADVANTAGE OF WOOD ASH BRICK
- OBJECT OF SEASONING
- METHODS OF STACKING
- THE ONE AND NINE METHODS OF STACKING SLEEPERS
- CLOSE CRIB METHOD
- CLOSE CRIB METHOD
- FENCE POST STACKING
- SEASONING METHOD
- (I) AIR SEASONING OR NATURAL SEASONING.
- (II) KILN SEASONING OR ARTIFICIAL SEASONING.
- WOOD FURNITURE MARKET IN INDIA
- PLYWOOD IS CONSTITUTING LARGE SHARE OF WOODEN FURNITURE
MARKET IN INDIA - OVERVIEW OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION IN INDIA
- GROWTH OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: INDIAN STORY
- CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
- DEMAND OF RAW MATERIAL
- POLLUTION AND DESTRUCTION OF NATURE
- PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE OF WOODEN FURNITURE
- FEEDING SPEED OF SAWS IS DETERMINED AS FOLLOWS:
- (A) FOR CIRCULAR SAW U = UZ NZ/1000
- (B) FOR BAND SAW U = 60U X U/T
- WOOD WORKING PROCESSES
- FLOW DIAGRAM FOR WOOD FURNITURE MANUFACTURING
- HAZARDS AND PRECAUTIONS
- MACHINING SAFETY
- BAND SAW
- TABLE SAW
- SPECIFIC GUIDELINES ARE AS FOLLOWS:
- PUSH STICKS
- FEATHER BOARDS AND COMBS
- ROUTER
- JOINTER
- SHAPER
- LATHE
- RIPSAW
- RADIAL ARM SAW
- PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF WOODEN FURNITURE
- DIFFERENT WAYS FOR SEASONING WOOD
- MOISTURE CONTENT OF WOOD
- KILN SEASONING
- AIR DRYING
- SOLAR DRYING
- MICROWAVE SEASONING
- MANUFACTURE OF BIO BRICKS
- MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF WOOD ASH BRICKS
- SIEVING OF MATERIAL
- MIXING OF MATERIALS
- MOULDING OR SHAPING OF BRICKS
- DRYING OF BRICKS
- FIRING OF BRICKS
- TESTING OF BRICKS
- MATERIALS SELECTION OF INGREDIENTS OF WOOD ASH BRICKS
- WOOD ASH
- CHARACTERISTICS OF WOOD ASH
- CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- TESTING OF WOOD ASH BRICKS
- WEIGHT OF DRY BLOCK
- SIZE OF BLOCK
- COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
- WATER ABSORPTION
- EFFLORESCENCE TEST
- PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF BIO BRICKS
- PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
- PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
- PRIMARY FACTORS
- 1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:
- 2. MARKETS:
- 3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:
- 4. WATER SUPPLY:
- 5. CLIMATE:
- 6. TRANSPORTATION:
- 7. WASTE DISPOSAL:
- 8. LABOR:
- 9. REGULATORY LAWS:
- 10. TAXES:
- 11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:
- 12. COMMUNITY FACTORS: 58
- 13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:
- 14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:
- EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT
- 1. DEPRECIATION:
- 2. FIXED ASSETS:
- 3. WORKING CAPITAL:
- 4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:
- 5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:
- 6. MARGIN MONEY:
- 8. TOTAL LOAD:
- 9. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:
- PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES
- INTRODUCTION
- PROJECT HANDLING
- PROJECT SCHEDULING
- PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
- TIME SCHEDULE
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
- SUPPLIERS OF WOOD SEASONING PLANT
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
Appendix
- 1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
- 2. LAND & BUILDING
- 3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
- 4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
- 5. RAW MATERIAL
- 6. SALARY AND WAGES
- 7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
- 8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
- 9. COST OF PRODUCTION
- 10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
- 11. BREAK EVEN POINT
- 12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
- 13. INTEREST CHART
- 14. DEPRECIATION CHART
- 15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
- 16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
Frequently Asked Questions
The report covers the manufacturing process, wood seasoning, machinery, plant layout, safety, raw materials, and project implementation aspects of wooden furniture production. It discusses woodworking operations and the use of equipment such as band saws, table saws, routers, jointers, shapers, lathes, ripsaws, and radial arm saws. It also addresses market considerations, plant location factors, project scheduling, and suppliers of plant, machinery, seasoning equipment, and raw materials.
Wood seasoning is important because it reduces excess moisture in timber before it is processed into furniture. Properly seasoned wood is generally more stable and less susceptible to dimensional changes, cracking, and other problems associated with uncontrolled moisture. The report discusses both natural or air seasoning and artificial or kiln seasoning, along with different stacking methods. It also covers alternative approaches including solar drying and microwave seasoning and explains the importance of controlling wood moisture content.
Wood furniture manufacturing can use a range of cutting, shaping, and finishing equipment depending on the product design and production method. The report specifically discusses band saws, table saws, routers, jointers, shapers, lathes, ripsaws, and radial arm saws. It also addresses feeding speeds for saw operations and machinery safety. Selection of equipment should consider the type of timber, required dimensions, production volume, product design, accuracy requirements, operator safety, and the desired sequence of woodworking operations.
The main stages generally include selection and preparation of wood, seasoning, cutting, machining, shaping, assembly, and finishing. The exact sequence varies according to the type of furniture and its design. The report includes wood-working processes and flow diagrams for wooden furniture manufacturing, together with guidance on saw feeding speeds and machining safety. Proper planning of the sequence helps maintain dimensional accuracy, product quality, efficient material handling, and safe operation of woodworking machinery.
Bio bricks or wood ash bricks are brick products discussed in the report that incorporate wood ash as a material. The report covers their manufacturing sequence, including sieving, mixing, moulding or shaping, drying, firing, and testing. It also discusses the characteristics and chemical and physical properties of wood ash. Testing topics include dry block weight, block size, compressive strength, water absorption, and efflorescence. The report therefore provides both process-oriented and quality-testing information for wood ash brick production.
Plant location should be selected after evaluating raw-material availability, market access, power and fuel supply, water availability, climate, transportation, waste disposal, labour, regulatory laws, taxes, site characteristics, and community factors. The report also identifies vulnerability to wartime attack and flood and fire control among the location considerations. These factors can influence operating costs, logistics, production continuity, regulatory compliance, workforce availability, and the overall suitability of a site for an industrial manufacturing facility.
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