Detailed Project Report (DPR) on distribution transformer

DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER

[CODE NO.4391]  

The Distribution Transformers are important links in the chain of power distribution systems. The power, which is transmitted at high voltage, stepped down with these distribution transformers. These are manufactured in a variety of capacities and voltage ranges. The demand for Distribution Transformers is basically related to power generation programme envisaged for the country and the rural electrification. The demand for these transformers is likely to increase considerably.

A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors—the transformer's coils. A varying current in the first or primary winding creates a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core and thus a varying magnetic field through the secondary winding. This varying magnetic field induces a varying electromotive force (EMF), or "voltage", in the secondary winding. This effect is called inductive.

If a load is connected to the secondary, current will flow in the secondary winding, and electrical energy will be transferred from the primary circuit through the transformer to the load. In an ideal transformer, the induced voltage in the secondary winding (Vs) is in proportion to the primary voltage (Vp) and is given by the ratio of the number of turns in the secondary (Ns) to the number of turns in the primary (Np) as follows:

By appropriate selection of the ratio of turns, a transformer thus enables an alternating current (AC) voltage to be "stepped up" by making Ns greater than Np, or "stepped down" by making Ns less than Np. The windings are coils wound around a ferromagnetic core, air-core transformers being a notable exception.

Transformers range in size from a thumbnail-sized coupling transformer hidden inside a stage microphone to huge units weighing hundreds of tons used to interconnect portions of power grids. All operate on the same basic principles, although the range of designs is wide. While new technologies have eliminated the need for transformers in some electronic circuits, transformers are still found in nearly all electronic devices designed for household ("mains") voltage. Transformers are essential for high-voltage electric power transmission, which makes long-distance transmission economically practical.

A transformer is a device for transferring energy in a system from one circuit to another. It consists of two independent electric circuits linked with a common magnetic circuit. This energy at low voltage may be transformed to energy at high voltage, or vice versa. In the like manner, current of a given value in one circuit may be transformed into current of another value in a different circuit. The winding of transformer connected to the supply circuit is termed as primary winding and these windings of the transformer that are connected to the receiver circuits are called secondary windings. 

 It is intended to prepare a Feasibility Report to install 600 Nos /Year Distribution Transformer production facilities as a Green Field Project. 

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity                                   2 Nos./Day

Land & Building (3145 sq.mt.)  Rs. 3.04  Cr

Plant & Machinery                             Rs. 67.90 Lac

Working Capital for 1 Month           Rs. 57.92 Lac

Total Capital Investment                  Rs. 4.51  Cr

Rate of Return                                    25%

Break Even Point                               61%

• • INTRODUCTION
• • PRINCIPLE OF TRANSFORMER
• • DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER
• • PROPERTIES
• • CLASSIFICATION
• • TYPES
• • COMPARISON - DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER & POWER TRANSFORMER
• • BASIC DESIGN/CONSTRUCTION
• • USES/APPLICATIONS
• • BIS SPECIFICATION
• • MANUFACTURING PROCESS STEPS
• • MARKET OVERVIEW
• • MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS
• • SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
• • SUPPLIERS OF PLANT & MACHINERIES
• • ENGINEERING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
• • ETP/WTP FACILITY
• • SEWAGE AND WASTE WATER EFFLUENT FACILITY
• • PRELIMINARY PLAN
• • PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT
• • PLANT LOCATION FACTORS
• • HEALTH SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT
• • ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS
• • MITIGATION MEASURES (PROPOSED)
• • HSE REQUIREMENT
• • PROPOSED IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE
• • PROJECT FINANCIALS

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)