Industry Overview
Fish farming, or pisciculture, involves the commercial raising of fish in tanks, ponds, and other controlled enclosures, primarily for food production. It is the principal form of aquaculture, while other forms may be classified under mariculture. Globally important farmed fish include carp, tilapia, salmon, and catfish. Growing demand for fish and fish protein has contributed to increasing pressure on wild fisheries. The report notes that China provides 62% of the world's farmed fish and that, as of 2016, more than 50% of seafood was produced through aquaculture.
The report also focuses extensively on shrimp farming and describes commercially important species and their characteristics, habitats, distribution, seed collection, pond management, stocking, feeding, water quality, disease prevention, harvesting, handling, quality control, and marketing. Species discussed include Penaeus indicus, Metapenaeus affinis, Metapenaeus brevicornis, Penaeus stylifera, Penaeus styliferus, Penaeus tenuipes, and Macrobrachium malcolmsonii. The report also covers catla fish farming, aquaculture systems, composite fish culture, production techniques, diseases, and harvesting. It further addresses regulatory requirements, B.I.S. specifications, market conditions, suppliers, and supporting infrastructure for fish and shrimp farming.
Cost Estimation
| Particulars | Details |
|---|---|
| Plant Capacity | Shrimp: 12 Ton/Year Catla Fish: 6 Ton/Year |
| Land & Building (15 Hectare) | Rs. 3.55 Cr |
| Plant & Machinery | Rs. 11 Lac |
| Working Capital for 3 Months | Rs. 13 Lac |
| Total Capital Investment | Rs. 3.96 Cr |
| Rate of Return | 8% |
| Break Even Point | 78% |
Content Index
- INTRODUCTION
- SHRIMPS
- P. INDICUS
- M. AFFINIS
- M. BREVICORNIS
- P.STYLIFERA
- P.STYLIFERUS
- P.TENUIPES (HENDERSON)
- RULES & REGULATIONS OF SHRIMP FARMING
- B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
- MARKET SURVEY
- FISH FARMS TO PRODUCE NEARLY TWO THIRDS OF INDIA'S FISH SUPPLY BY 2030
- FLYING FISH
- PALM TREES LINING FISH PONDS AT KONDURU IN ANDHRA PRADESH
- PALM TREES LINING FISH PONDS AT KONDURU IN ANDHRA PRADESH
- WORLD CAPTURE FISHERIES
- AND AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION
- USES OF CATLA FISH
- METHODS OF AQUA CULTURE
- EXTENSIVE AQUACULTURE
- INTENSIVE AQUACULTURE
- EXPRESSING EGGS FROM A FEMALE RAINBOW TROUT
- CONTROLLING ROES MANUALLY
- CAGE SYSTEM
- COPPER-ALLOY NETS
- IRRIGATION DITCH OR POND SYSTEMS
- COMPOSITE FISH CULTURE
- DETAILS OF CATLA FISH
- CHARACTERISTICS OF CATLA FISH
- DETAILS OF CATLA FISH FARMING
- SHRIMPS
- SERGESTIDAE
- ATYIDAE
- MUD-SHRIMPS
- BRINE-SHRIMPS
- COLLECTION OF SEEDSHRIMP
- TRANSPORTATION OF SEEDSHRIMP
- MANAGEMENT OF PRODUCTION PONDS
- STOCKING
- GROWTH AND PRODUCTION
- PRODUCTION AND TECHNIQUE
- OF CATLA FISH FARMING
- PRODUCTION
- PRODUCTION SYSTEMS
- SEED SUPPLY
- NURSERY
- REARING FINGERLINGS
- ONGROWING TECHNIQUES
- HARVESTING TECHNIQUES
- HANDLING AND PROCESSING
- CATLA FISH FARMING
- DISEASES AND CONTROL MEASURE IN CATLA FISH FARMING
- DETAILS OF SHRIMP FARMING
- SUITABLE SOIL TYPE FOR SHRIMP CULTIVATION
- POND MANAGEMENT IN SHRIMP CULTIVATION
- STOCKING FOR SHRIMP CULTIVATION
- SEED SELECTION IN SHRIMP CULTIVATION
- (I) SIZE
- (II) MORPHOLOGY
- (III) COLOR
- (IV) BEHAVIOR
- (V) EXTERNAL FOULING
- (VI) PATHOGEN FREE
- STOCKING DENSITY IN SHRIMP CULTIVATION
- FEED AND FEEDING IN SHRIMP CULTIVATION
- NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS IN SHRIMP CULTIVATION
- WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN SHRIMP CULTIVATION
- HARVESTING AND HANDLING OF SHRIMP CULTIVATION.
- METHODS OF HARVESTING IN SHRIMP CULTIVATION
- TIMING OF HARVESTING AND SELLING
- DISEASE, PREVENTION AND TREATMENT IN SHRIMP CULTIVATION.
- QUALITY CONTROL AND MARKETING IN SHRIMP CULTIVATION
- ADAPTING & CONSTRUCTING POOLS
- SIZE OF POOL
- EMPLOYING THE POOL
- CLEANING THE POOL
- REPAIRS OF POOL
- EXTENDING AN OLD POOL
- THERE ARE THREE POSSIBLE WAYS TO EXTEND LINE POOLS
- CONSTRUCTION OF A NEW POOL
- CONSTRUCTION OF A WATER COURSE
- FOUNTAINS & OTHER MECHANICAL OXYGENERATORS
- NEED FOR OXYGEN
- WATER PLANTS
- OTHER SPECIFIC MAINTNANCE WORKS ARE AS FOLLOWS
- TIDAL FLOW
- POLLUTION
- SILT
- PRODUCTIVITY
- HEIGHT OF WATER
- WATER TEMPERATURE
- DISSOLVED OXYGEN CONTENT
- SALINITY
- PH
- SOIL NUTRIENTS
- PROXIMITY TO SHRIMP SEED
- MANPOWER AVAILABILITY
- OTHER FACILITY
- SHRIMP SEEDS
- FOOD AND FEEDING HABITS
- DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF P.INDICUS SEED IN THE WILD IN DIFFERENT REGIONS
- PENAEUS MONODON
- PENAEUS INDICUS
- SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
- SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS
Appendix
- 01. PLANT ECONOMICS
- 02. LAND & BUILDING
- 03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
- 04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
- 05. FIXED CAPITAL
- 06. RAW MATERIAL
- 07. SALARY AND WAGES
- 08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
- 09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
- 10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
- 11. COST OF PRODUCTION
- 12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
- 13. BREAK EVEN POINT
- 14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
- 15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
- 16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
- 17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
- 18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)
Frequently Asked Questions
Fish farming or pisciculture is the commercial raising of fish in controlled aquatic environments. It is primarily carried out in ponds, tanks, cages, or other enclosures where water, feeding, stocking, and fish health can be managed. Pisciculture forms a major part of aquaculture, which also includes the cultivation of other aquatic organisms. Commercial fish farming can involve species such as carp, tilapia, salmon, catfish, and other locally suitable species, depending on environmental conditions and market requirements.
Shrimp farming is the controlled cultivation of shrimp in suitable ponds or other aquatic production systems. The process generally includes site and soil selection, pond preparation, seed selection, stocking, feeding, water-quality management, disease prevention, growth monitoring, harvesting, handling, and marketing. The report discusses several shrimp species and provides information on their habitats and characteristics. Successful shrimp cultivation depends on maintaining suitable environmental conditions and applying appropriate management practices throughout the production cycle.
Important shrimp farming site factors include suitable soil, water availability, water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, tidal flow, pollution levels, silt conditions, productivity, and water depth. Proximity to reliable shrimp seed supplies, availability of manpower, and supporting facilities are also relevant to farm operations. Site selection should consider the interaction between these physical, biological, and operational factors because they influence pond preparation, shrimp growth, water management, disease control, harvesting, and overall farm performance.
Water quality management is essential because shrimp growth, feeding, survival, and disease risk are strongly affected by aquatic conditions. Key parameters include dissolved oxygen, salinity, pH, water temperature, water depth, and pollution levels. Effective management involves monitoring these conditions regularly and maintaining the pond environment within appropriate ranges for the cultured species. Good water management also supports feed utilization and helps reduce environmental stresses that can negatively affect shrimp health and production.
The main stages of shrimp farming include site preparation, pond construction or adaptation, seed selection, seed transportation, pond preparation, stocking, feeding, water-quality management, growth monitoring, disease prevention, harvesting, handling, quality control, and marketing. The report also addresses seed quality characteristics such as size, morphology, color, behavior, external fouling, and pathogen-free status. Proper coordination of these stages helps maintain healthy stock and supports efficient production and post-harvest handling.
Composite fish culture is an aquaculture approach in which compatible fish species with different feeding habits or ecological niches are cultivated together in the same production system. The objective is to make better use of available food resources at different levels of the pond ecosystem. The report includes composite fish culture alongside extensive and intensive aquaculture systems and discusses catla fish, production systems, seed supply, nursery operations, fingerling rearing, growing techniques, harvesting, handling, processing, and disease control.
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