SODIUM DICHROMATE
[CODE NO. 5780]
Chromium was discovered at the end of 18th century, was found to be a principal constituent of chromite, the sole commercial source of chromium and its compounds. A few decades later this ore was being subjected to oxidative roasting in the presence of soda and lime in manually operated furnaces to produce water soluble sodium di-chromate. This was processed further to yield yellow, red, and green chromium pigments which were used, among other things, for dyeing wallpaper; they replaced the toxic arsenic dyes that had been used until then. Chromium salts soon found their way into the textile industry as mordants for the dyeing of wool.
The importance of di-chromates increased considerably in the period following 1870 when the rising coal tax dye industry needed large quantities for the oxidation of chemical-intermediates with the advent of the 20th century, chrome tanning was introduced in leather factories and in many areas replaced vegetable tanning.
The manufacture of chromium compounds received a further boost after 1930, when metallic chromium was successfully precipitated from chromic acid solutions by special additions. Since then this possibility has been used extensively in electro-plating for bright and hard diromulum plating.
Chromium is abundant in the earth's crust, ranking fourth among the 29 elements. It is more abundant than cobalt, copper, zinc, molybdenum, lead nickle and cadmium.
Basic chrome chemicals are produced from chromite ore by reacting an alkali lime and /or after diluents, and ground chromite ore in an oxidizing atmosphere at a high temperature (1000oC). The chromate values are water-leached from the resulting roast. The chromate bleach is further processed to produce various chromium compounds and as sodium chromote and sodium bi-chromate which are the basic chemicals for most chrome compunds.
Sodium dichromate-(Na2Cr2O7. 2H2O) also known as sodium di chromate or bi chromate of soda, is sold as crystalline product and as a solution crystals are packaged and shipped in multiwall, moisture-resistant bags, in moisture resistant fibre or steel drums or in sparger cars. In the sparger car system,crystalline sodium bi chromate is shipped dry and then unloaded by dissolving with water at the destination. This system provides a 30% freight savings when compared to shipping 69% solution. Solution containing 69% Sodium bi chromate, which has a freezing point of 48oC (-59.4oC) is shipped in tank cars or tank trucks.
COST ESTIMATION (RUPEES IN LACS)
Plant capacity 200.00 TON/day
Land & Building (10 Acres) Rs.1683 Lacs
Plant & Machinery Rs. 682 Lacs
W.C. for 3 Months Rs. 4680 Lacs
Total Capital Investment Rs. 7115 Lacs
Rate of Return 41%
Break Even Point 31%
1. INTRODUCTION
2. PROPERTIES AND USES
3. B.I.S. SPECIFICATION
4. MARKET SURVEY
5. PRESENT MANUFACTURERS
6. BUYERS ADDRESSES OF SODIUM DICHROMATE
7. RAW MATERIAL AND THEIR AVAILABILITY
8. PLANT AND MACHINERY SECTION
9. PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
10 SULPURIC ACID PROCESS
11. TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE AND HANDLING
12. PLANT LAYOUT
13. RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS
14. PLANT AND MACHINERY SUPPLIERS
APPENDIX – A :
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
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