BLEACHING CLAY
(Cap: 1000 MT/MONTH)
[CODE NO.1942]
Although bleaching clay or fuller’s earth is produced in considerable quantity by many independent operators, it has received very little intensive study. Not much is known of the seat of the decolorizing action nor of its nature except that it is a selective adsorption or some kind. An active clay can be distinguished from one that is inactive by actual test of its bleaching or adsorbing power. Some clays are inactive until leached with acid: others have their activity much diminished by the same treatment. Many of the naturally active clays are improved by acid treatment.
The bleaching clays appear to be composed chiefly of the less stable and less completely weathered clay minerals. They are characterized by high contents of loosely held water and by partial solubility in dilute ordinary acids, such as hydrochloric or sulphuric acid. The water is largely adsorbed water and is removable by heating to 200oC., but water of constitution and probably water of crystallization are also present.
Acid –leached clays require similar heat treatment following acid treatment and washing to bring out their full bleaching power.
Most bleaching clays are improved by acid leaching: a few are rendered less active by such leaching, and a few of the best are inactive until leached. The solubility of bleaching clays in acid runs from 10 to 30 percent, and the material removed is chiefly iron and alumina. The alkalies and alkaline earths are readily soluble if present but rarely appear in large amounts in active clays.
COST ESTIMATION
Plant Capacity 40.00 MT/day
Land & Building (2 Acres) Rs. 4.00 Cr
Plant & Machinery Rs. 4.98 Cr
W.C. for 1 Month Rs. 1.13 Cr
Total Capital Investment Rs. 10.45 Cr
Rate of Return 21%
Break Even Point 65%
INTRODUCTION
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATION
SOURCE AND ORIGIN OF BLEACHING CLAY
USES AND APPLICATIONS
CHARACTERISTICS OF BLEACHING CLAY
B.I.S. SPECIFICATIONS
MARKET SURVEY
PROJECTED DEMAND
PRODUCTION OF BLEACHING CLAY
IMPORT DATA OF BLEACHING CLAY
EXPORT DATA OF BLEACHING CLAY
PRESENT MANUFACTURERS OF BLEACHING CLAY
REQUIREMENTS FOR BLEACHING CLAY OF INDIAN ORIGIN
USED FOR BLEACHING VEGETABLE OILS
METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TEST FOR BLEACHING EARTH/CLAY
RAW MATERIAL AND ITS PROPERTIES
TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING FOR BLEACHING CLAY
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF BLEACHING CLAY
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM OF BLEACHING CLAY
PRODUCTION PROCESS
ACTIVATION OF BLEACHING CLAY
DETAILS ACID ACTIVATED CLAY
METHOD OF ADSORPTION AND THEIR DETAILS
COMPLETE PLANT SUPPLIERS
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY
SUPPLIER OF RAW MATERIALS
POLYTHENE BAGS
APPENDIX – A :
1. COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS
2. LAND & BUILDING
3. PLANT AND MACHINERY
4. FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT
5. RAW MATERIAL
6. SALARY AND WAGES
7. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
8. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
9. COST OF PRODUCTION
10. PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS
11. BREAK EVEN POINT
12. RESOURCES OF FINANCE
13. INTEREST CHART
14. DEPRECIATION CHART
15. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
16. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET
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