Detailed Project Report on glycerine

GLYCERINE
[CODE NO.3201]

Glycerine or glycerol to speak in terms of chemical phraseology is a trihydric alcohol. It is usually found in combination with fatty acids in natural fats and oils. It has been the tendency to designate the name glycerine to the technically prepared pure substance which is the nearest approach to glycerol, represented by the formula, OH, CH2CH, OH, CH2OH.

Glycerine is a basic constituent of oils and fats, of which a large variety is available abundantly in this country. The approximate percentages of available glycerine in some of the important Indian oils and fats are given below:-

Cocoanut Oil                                  :    13.5%
Mhowa Oil                                      :    9.0%
Groundnut Oil                                :    9.8%
Tallow                                             :    9.5%
Cottonseed Oil                             :    9.8%

The British Pharmacopoeia describes glycerine (glycerinum) as a clear, colourless odourless, syrupy liquid,having a sweet taste, which is followed by a sensation of warmth. It is hygroscopic and is optically inactive and neutral to indicators. Its molecular weight is 92.06 and specific gravity (15.5oC/15.5oC), 1.260-1.265.

Glycerin (Glycerol) is a simple polyol compound with a clear, odorless, viscous liquid and a naturally sweet taste. It is derived from both natural and petrochemical feed stocks. Glycerin occurs in combined form (triglycerides) in animal fats and vegetable oils and is obtained from these fats and oils during transesterification, such as in biodiesel production.
 
Glycerol has three hydroxyl groups that are responsible for its solubility in water and its hygroscopic nature. Glycerin currently has over 1,500 known uses in many different industries ranging from foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, paints, explosives, polymer, printing, botanical extraction, drugs, adhesives, antifreeze, coatings, chemical and other industrial types of applications (technical grade glycerin).

COST ESTIMATION

Plant  Capacity                                                     :     100.00 Ton/day        
land & Building (16000 Sq.Mtr)                         :    Rs. 5.20  Cr
Plant & Machinery                                                :    Rs. 4.65  Cr
Working Capital for 1 Month                              :    Rs. 18.74 Cr
Total Capital Investment                                    :    Rs. 28.92 Cr
Rate of Return                                                     :    33%
Break Even Point                                                :    40%

INTRODUCTION    
SYNTHETIC GLYCEROL    
PROPERTIES OF GLYCERINE    
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES     
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES    
USES AND APPLICATIONS    
FOOD INDUSTRY    
PHARMACEUTICAL AND PERSONAL CARE APPLICATIONS    
BOTANICAL EXTRACTS    
ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE LIQUID    
ANTIFREEZE    
INTERNAL COMBUSTION FUEL    
CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATE    
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION    
TEST AND ANALYSIS OF GLYCERINE    
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD METHODS. ANALYSIS OF CRUDE GLYCERINE    
SAMPLING    
ANALYSIS    
ACETIN PROCESS FOR GLYCEROL DETERMINATION    
REAGENTS REQUIRED    
THE METHOD    
BICHROMATE PROCESS    
FOR GLYCEROL DETERMINATION    
REAGENTS REQUIRED    
THE METHOD    
INSTRUCTIONS FOR CALCULATING ACTUAL GLYCEROL CONTENT    
MARKET SURVEY    
MARKET SURVEY (GLOBAL)    
DEMAND PROJECTION OF GLYCERINE IN ETHOPIA    
PROJECTED DEMAND FOR GLYCERIN (TONS)    
VEGETABLE GLYCERINE    
MANUFACTURING PROCESS    
INTRODUCTION TO MANUFACTURING PROCESS:    
MANUFACTURE OF GLYCERINE FROM SPENT SOAP LYES    
PROCESS OUTLINE OF GLYCERINE MANUFACTURE    
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF GLYCERINE    
RAW MATERIALS    
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM    
DETAILS OF GLYCEROL (GLYCERINE)    
MANUFACTURE FROM SPENT LYE    
SPENT LYE TREATMENT:-    
CONCENTRATION OF GLYCEROL LIQUORS    
THE EVAPORATOR AND OPERATION:-    
REFINING:    
BLEACHING OF GLYCERINE:-    
BIO DIESEL & GLYCERINE PRODUCTION USING PALM OIL AS FEED STOCK    
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM    
FOR GLYCERINE USING CRUDE PALM OIL    
RECOVERY METHOD OF GLYCERINE    
OTHER METHODS OF RECOVERY:    
QUALITY OF SPENT LYES:    
THE TREATMENT AND EVAPORATION OF LYES:    
DISTILLATION OF CRUDE GLYCERINE:    
FOOTS:    
PRODUCTION OF GLYCERINE FROM PALM KERNEL OIL    
MATERIALS AND METHOD    
MATERIALS    
METHOD    
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION    
TABLE: PROPERTIES OF PALM KERNEL OIL USED    
TABLE: PARAMETERS OF HYDROLYSIS REACTION AND PRODUCTION
   AT 268OC, PRESSURE 500PSI (34ATM), TIME 5 HOURS.     
TABLE: DATA OF GLYCEROL RECOVERY AT TEMPERATURE 140OC,
   PRESSURE 8.7PSI (0.6ATM), TIME 3 HOURS      
TABLE: PROPERTIES OF CRUDE GLYCEROL PRODUCED.     
CONCLUSIONS FROM THIS STUDY THE FOLLOWING CONCLUSION ARE MADE    
PLANT LAYOUT    
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS    
SODIUM HYDROXIDE    
ACTIVATED CARBON    
LABORATORY CHEMICALS    
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY (GLOBAL)    
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY (INDIAN)    
TREATMENT TANK    
FILTER PRESS    
EVAPORATORS    
HEAT EXCHANGER    
CENTRIFUGE    
STORAGE VESSEL    
BOILER    
INSTRUMENTATION AND PROCESS CONTROL EQUIPMENTS    
LABORATORY EQUIPMENTS    
PACKAGING MACHINE    



APPENDIX – A:

 1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS      
 2.      LAND & BUILDING                                      
 3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY                                  
 4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT                             
 5.      RAW MATERIAL                                         
 6.      SALARY AND WAGES                                     
 7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS                              
 8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL                                
 9.      COST OF PRODUCTION                                   
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS                               
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT                                     
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE                           
13.      INTEREST CHART                                       
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART                                   
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT                                   
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET