Detailed Project Report on Petroleum Jelly

PETROLEUM JELLY

[EIRI/EDPR/1087] J.C.: 9731

INTRODUCTION

Petroleum is a plastic, semisolid, unctuous hydrocarbon mixture derived from heavy residual lubricating oil fractions of petroleum. It is essentially a colloidal system in which the solid hydrocarbon components are the external continuous phase and the liquid hydrocarbons are the internal phase i.e the liquid hydrocarbon are in the form of discrete droplets within the solid phase. Petroleum may be considered as micro crystalline wax which has absorbed the oil, resulting in an amorphous swollen jelly like mass. It was this physical state that provided its origin name "Petroleum jelly' which term is still used for the grades of petroleum prepared for pharmaceutical application.

Natural petroleum contains protosubstance which prevents the separation of the liquid from the hydrocarbon, while synthetic are unstable and are prone to oil separation and are likely to assume a granular structure in storage and also, the synthetic products change viscosity more suddenly with change of temperature than do the natural material.

Natural petroleum is chemically inert salve like emollient substance which could be refined to be essentially odourless colourless and tasteless, though petroleum jelly a highly refined varies in colour from colourless to yellow. Semisolid mixture of hydrocarbons derived from dewaxing of heavy paraffin base lubricating oils; 90-200 SVs at 99 deg.C.

It is an excellent carrier for medicants whose efficacy depends on their being maintained on the skin for an extended period without period itself being readily absorbed. Petroleum does not irritate the skin and is not easily washed away by the sweasting of life tissues. Petroleum has a unique feauture of fibre characterisitics which is apparent in the finished and ointment strongly and sticky.

Petroleum waxes are broadly classified into two types paraffin and microcrystalline. Paraffin waxes distill at temperatures less than about 850oF and are thus components of light paraffin distillates. The higher boiling intermediates and heavy paraffin distillates and paraffinic residual oils contain microcrystalline waxes. When light paraffin distillates are cooled, the wax separates in large, plate-like crystals. Cooling of the heavier distillates and residual oil does not produce obvious crystals; the wax separates as very small particles (microcrystals) which cause the oil to set to a paste or a jelly. A mixture of 30 to 50 percent heavy oil and microcrystalline wax forms petrolatum or petroleum jelly.

Petrolatum is a colloidal suspension of microcrystalline waxes in heavy oil with melting points ranging from 1100 to 135oF. About a dozes grades varying chiefly in hardness and colour are available. The dark brown and black grades are less refined and are used to waterproof plasterboard liners, greaseproof butchers wrapping paper, waterproof canvas and to treat mineral wool to reduce dust. Pharmaceutical grades range from amber to white and vary is consistency to suit various medicinal and cosmetic manufacturing needs.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity            2 MT/Day

Land & Building (2000 sq.mt.)    Rs. 1.79 Cr

Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 65.00 Lac

Working Capital for 2 Months    Rs. 1.32 Cr

Total Capital Investment          Rs. 4.07 Cr

Rate of Return                          30%

Break Even Point                      49%

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

MARKET SURVEY

ESTIMATED DEMAND

CURRENT MARKET POSITION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

OIL SECTOR: RECENT TRENDS

LPG POSITION

REFINING CAPACITY ESTIMATES

DEMAND FOR NATURAL GAS

FUEL SALES IN INDIA

OIL PRICES

DIESEL POSITION

LPG DEMAND, PRODUCTION AND IMPORTS

INDIA'S OIL TRADE

OIL IMPORTS

CRUDE OIL: IMPORT DEPENDENCE

MEASURES NEEDED

MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF PETROLEUM JELLY

USES OF PETROLEUM JELLY

PROPERTIES

INDUSTRIAL PETROLATUM:

TABLE

PROPERTIES OF PETROLATUM FROM TANK BOTTOMS

B.I.S. SPECIFICATIONS

PACKINGS:

FORMULATIONS:

WHITE PETROLEUM JELLY-->

SOLIDIFIED LUBRICANTS:--

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE

MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF SYNTHETIC PETROLATUM

BASIS: 500 KG

PLANT LAYOUT

PETROLEUM JELLY CREAM

EXAMPLE 1

A COSMETIC EMULSION ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT METHOD IS OUTLINED BELOW

EXAMPLE 2

A FURTHER COSMETIC EMULSION ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT METHOD IS OUTLINED BELOW

EXAMPLE 3

A STILL FURTHER COSMETIC EMULSION ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT METHOD IS OUTLINED BELOW

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SYNTHETIC PETROLEUM JELLY

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

EXAMPLE 3

EXAMPLE 4

EXAMPLE 5

WATER DISPERSIBLE PETROLEUM JELLY COMPOSITIONS

OIL PHASE PREPARATION

WATER PHASE PREPARATION

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

EXAMPLE 3

THE FOLLOWING FORMULATION WAS MADE AS PREVIOUSLY DESCRIBED:

PETROLEUM JELLY WITH ALPHA HYDROXY CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

THE FOLLOWING FORMULAS ILLUSTRATE TYPICAL COMPOSITIONS ACCORDING TO THE PRESENT METHOD     

VEGETABLE DERIVED PETROLEUM JELLY REPLACEMENT

EXAMPLE 1

TABLE 1

INGREDIENT WEIGHT PERCENT

EXAMPLE 2

TABLE 2

INGREDIENT WEIGHT PERCENT

GOLDEN GATE MICHCA INC.

EXAMPLE 3

TABLE 2

INGREDIENT WEIGHT PERCENT

EXAMPLE 4

TABLE 4

INGREDIENT WEIGHT PERCENT

EXAMPLE 5

TABLE 5

INGREDIENT WEIGHT PERCENT

COMPLETE PLANT AND MACHINERY AND TURNKEY SUPPLIERS FOR PETROLEUM JELLY

SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS

WHITE OILS

PARAFFIN WAX

MICRO CRYSTALLINE WAX

BALL CLAY

SUPPLIERS OF MACHINERY

MIXER

TANKS

AGITATOR

FILTER PRESS

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)