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    technology of perfumes, flavours and essential oils

    technology of perfumes, flavours and essential oils
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      TECHNOLOGY OF PERFUMES, FLAVOURS AND ESSENTIAL OILS

      CREATING A PERFUME

      Introduction
      Working within a Framework
      Price
      Packaging
      Inspiration
      The Practical Foundation
      Inspiration
      Response to Stinuli
      Trial and error colours
      Trial and error
      Colours
      Jeancard on composition
      Limitations of Formulae
      The Perfumer's knowledge of Chemistry
      Creativity in the Art of Perfumery
      Carles's Method
      Merit of Carles's System
      Tone
      Volatility
      Intensity
      Volume
      Atmosphere
      Tenacity
      Fixation
      Systematic Recording of Data

      FLOWER PERFUMES AND THEIR FORMULATIONS

      Introduction
      Rose
      Jasmine
      Orangeflower and Neroli
      Violet
      Acacia
      Broom
      Carnation
      Types of Camation
      Oeillet de nice Garden pink
      Sea pink
      Cyclamen
      Fougere (Fern)
      Gardenita
      Hawthorn
      Heliotrope
      Honeysuckle
      Hyacinth
      Iris
      Litac
      Lity of the Valley
      Linden (Lime Blossom)
      Mangotia
      Mignonette (Reseda)Mimosa
      Narcissus
      Nardo
      New Mown Hay
      Nicotiana
      Opopanax
      Orchid (Orchidee)
      Pansy
      Peony
      Phlox
      Sweet Pea
      Syringa (Philadelphus)
      Trefle (Clover)
      Tuberose
      Verbena
      Wallflower
      Wistaria
      Ylang-Ylang

      SOPHISTICATED/FANTASY PERFUMES AND THEIR FORMULATIONS

      Introduction
      Aldehyde Perfumes
      Chypre Types
      Oriental Perfumes
      Green Perfumes
      Dominant Note Types
      The Ambergns Note
      Manufacturing Processes
      Alcoholic Strengths
      Control

      PACKAGING OF PERFUMES

      Introduction
      Packaging in the Past
      The Impact of Aerosols
      Perfume Identity
      The Name
      The Bottle
      Labels
      Cartons and Coffrets
      External Wrapping
      Perfume and the World of Fashion
      The Question of Colour
      The Means of Advertising
      Press Publicity
      Samples and Models

      TESTING OF PERFUME

      Introduction
      Sampling
      Sampling Equipment
      Closed type (Undivided)
      Closed type (Divided)
      Open Type
      Sampling Scoop
      Sampling Iron Tanks
      Cr.teria for conformity
      For Individual samples
      Examples
      Packaging and labelling
      Instructions regarding costly materials
      Analysis
      Proparation of the Material for Physico Chemical Analysis
      Physical Analysis
      Estimation of relative density
      Estimation of relative density by Pyknometer
      Principle
      Apparatus
      Procedure
      Calculation
      Determination of freezing Point
      Principle
      Apparatus
      Procedure
      Results
      Determination of refractive index by refractometer
      Principle
      Apparatus
      Refractometer, light source  (sodium light)
      Precedure
      Calculation
      Determination of solubility in ethanol
      Principle
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Procedure
      Calculations
      Determination of optical rolation and specific rotation by polarimeter
      Principle
      Apparatus
      Procedure
      Calculation
      Determination of melting Point  and melting range principle
      Apparatus
      Procedure
      Results
      Determination of boiling (Distillation) renge Principle
      Apparatus
      Procedure
      Method for offactory assessment of natural and synthetic perfumery materials
      Principle
      Terminology
      Material Requirements
      Ethyl alcohol, Perfumery grade
      Diethyl phthalate, Perfumery grade
      Determination of residue on evaporation
      Apparatus
      Preparation of sample
      Procedure
      Calculation
      Chemical Analysis
      Determination of Content of alcohol insoluble solid impurities
      Principle
      Procedure
      Calculation
      Determination of water content
      Principle
      Reagent
      Apparatus
      Calculation
      Determination of acid value
      Principle
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Procedure
      Determination of ester value, content of esters and combined alcohols
      Principle
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Prepared sample
      Procedure
      Calculation
      Determination of ester value after acetylation and free alcohols
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Procedure
      Calculation
      Principle
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Procedure
      Calculation
      Determination of carbohyl value and content of carbonyl compounds
      Hydroxylammonium chloride method Method A
      Principle
      Calculation
      Principle
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Procedure
      Calculation
      Determination of phenols
      Principle
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Procedue
      Determination
      Calculation
      Determination of heavy metals
      Determination of lead content
      Apparatus
      Procedure
      Reagent blank determination
      Expression of results
      Determination of Iron
      Reagents
      Standard iron solution
      Procedure
      Detection of petroleum and mineral oils
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Procedure
      Estimation of chlorinePrinciple
      Apparatus
      Procedure
      Result
      Determination of cineole content Principle
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Procedure
      Calculation

      AEROSOL SPRAY

      Manufacturing Process
      Essence of Perfumery
      Synthetic Rose Otto No. 1056
      Red Roses No. 1057
      Violet No. 1068
      Plant Economics
      Land and Building
      Plant & Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working Capital/Month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even Point (BEP)

      AROMATIC PERFUMERY COMPOUNDS

      Formulation and raw materials
      Fancy Bouquet
      Manufacturing Process
      Process
      Royale Bouquet
      Process
      Plant Economics
      Land and Building
      Plant & Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working Capital/Month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even Point (BEP)


      SCENTS AND PERFUMES

      Process of Manufacture
      Extraction Process
      Extraction Volatile Solvent
      Plant Economics
      Land and Building
      Plant & Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working Capital/Month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even Point (BEP)

      SPRAY (PERFUMES)

      Manufacturing Process
      General Procedure
      Synthetic Rose otto No. 1056
      Red Roses. No. 1057
      Violet No. 108
      Plant Economics
      Land and Building
      Plant & Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working Capital/Month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even Point (BEP)

      FLORAL OILS

      Selection of Site
      Raw Materials
      Treatment of the Ingredients
      Manufacture by Maceration
      Concentrating the Preparation
      Hastening the process
      Tier system
      Another Tier Arrangement
      Oil Direct from the Seeds
      Recipes
      Bella Oil
      Jasmine Oil
      Chameli Oil
      Champaka Oil
      Kantali Champaka Oil
      Jahuri Champaka Oil
      Dolan Champaka Oil
      Nageswar Champaka Oil
      Henna Oil
      Gul Henna Oil
      Musk Henna Oil
      Janti Oil
      Mallika Oil
      Tuberose  Oil
      Rose Oil
      Bakul Oil
      Ketaki Oil
      Kamini Oil
      Lemon Flowers Oil
      Gandharaj Oil
      Madhumalali Oil
      Khus Oil
      Lotus Oil
      Storing

      MANUFACTURING PROCESSES OF FLAVOURS

      Introduction
      The Thermally Processed
      Flavours (Meat and Savory Flavours)
      Protein Hydrolysates
      Yeast and Autolyzed
      Yeast  Extract
      Basic Process Flavourings
      Complex Process Flavourings
      Encyme Modification and Fermentation The Dairy Flavours
      Milk and Cream Flavours
      Cultured Dairy Flavours
      Butter Flavour
      Cheese Flaours
      Creation of Dairy Flavours
      Regulatory Issues

      NON-ALCOHOLIC FLAVOURS

      Compounding
      Vanilla Flavour (True)
      Lemon Flavour
      Orange Flavour
      Vanilla Flavour
      Vanilla Bean Flavour
      Limitation Rasberry Flavour
      Plant Economics of Non- Alcoholic Flavours
      Rated Plant Capacity
      Land and Building
      Plant and Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working  Capital/Month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even Point (B.E.P.)

      FLAVOURS FRUIT (WHISKEY, VODKA, GRAPE BUTTER SCOTCH AND RUM)

      Artificial Flavourings
      Process Flow Diagram of Rum Flavour
      Manufacturing Process
      For Rum Process
      Plant Economics of Fruit Flavours
      Rated Plant Capacity
      Land and Building
      Plant and Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working  Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total working capital/month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even point (B.E.P.)

      TERPENELESS MENTHOL CRYSTALS

      Manufacturing Process
      Fractional Distillation of D.M.O. for Removar of  Terpene
      Extraction of Menthol
      Crystallization
      Separation of the menthol Crystals from the Dementholized Oil
      Drying the Menthol Crystals
      Yield of Menthol & Dementholized Mint Oil
      Plant Economics of Terpeneless  Menthol Crystals
      Land and Building
      Plant and Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working  Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total working capital/month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even point (B.E.P.)


      TRENDS IN TRADE OF ESSENTIAL OILS

      Introduction
      Indian Scenario
      Uses of Essential Oils

      DEMAND FOR ESSENTIAL OILS


      SUPER CRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION (SCFE) TECHNOLOGY FOR SPICE EXTRACTION

      Abstract
      Introduction
      Scope of this presentation
      Supercritical Fluid Extraction System (SCFE)
      Working Principle and SCFE Process Description
      Carton Dioxide as SC Solvent its Plust Point
      Advantages of the  SCFE process
      Parameters to be Determined in SCFE Process Design Need for Basic Process Data
      Important Parameters of the SCF Extraction Plant  for  Spices (19)
      SCF Extraction of Spice Essential Oils, Oleoresins and Major Chemical Constituents present therein
      SCFE of Pepper Oil
      SCF CO2 Extraction Versus Conventional
      Solvent Extraction
      SCFE of Black Pepper  Oleoresin
      SCFE of Ginger Oil
      SCFE (CO2) of Piperine Pepper
      Economics of the SCFE Process
      Commercial Scale SCFE Plants in U.K. Austria Germany, Australia & France
      Factors Affecting plant designing
      Other commercial SCFE Activity Areas
      Future Scope for SCFE Process

      CITRONELLA OIL

      Planting and Cultivation
      Harvesting
      Distillation
      Distillation Process Erection and distillation of suitable type of still
      The Election and Operation of suitable type of still
      Water and Steam still
      Fuel
      Steam Stills
      Condenser
      Storage of Citronella Oil
      Determination of Aidehyde and Ketones
      Process flow sheet
      Procedure
      Natural Sulphite Method
      Procedure
      Plant Economics of  Citronella Oil
      Land and Building
      Plant and Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working  Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total working capital/month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even point (B.E.P.)


      CLOVE OIL

      Process of Manufacture
      Plant Economics of Clove Oil
      Rated Plant Capacity
      Land and Building
      Plant and Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working  Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total working capital/month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even point (B.E.P.)

      EXTRACTION OF  ESSENTIAL OILS BY SUPER CRITICAL FLUID (CARBON DIOXIDE) METHOD FROM FLOWERS, HERBS AND SPICES

      Manufacturing Process
      Extraction of Essential Oil from Flowers
      Solvent Extraction Process using super critical Fluid (CO2)
      From Flowers
      Process flow  Diagram
      From Herbs
      Process flow Diagram for Extraction of Essential Fluid Method
      Process flow diagram from Extraction of Essential oils from spices using super  critical Fluid (SCF) method
      From Spices
      Plant Economics
      Land and Building
      Plant and Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working  Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total working capital/month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even point (B.E.P.)

      EUCALYPTUS OIL

      Process of Manufacture
      Distillation
      Distillation Processes
      Operation
      Refining
      Yield
      Location  Conditions
      Raw Materials
      Market
      Water Position
      Transportation Facilities
      Labour
      Power and Fuel
      Plant Economics of Eucalyptus Oil
      Rated Plant Capacity
      Land and Building
      Plant and Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working  Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total working capital/month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even point (B.E.P.)

      GINGER OIL

      Manufacturing Process
      Preparation of Raw Materials
      Cleaning
      Milling
      Soaking
      Loading  of Charging
      Bleaching of Ginger
      Distillation
      Practice of Distillation
      Steam Distillation
      Flow Diagram for Ginger Oil
      Plant Economics of Ginger Oil
      Rated Plant Capacity
      Land and Building
      Plant and Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Working  Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total working capital/month
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even point (B.E.P.)


      JASMINE FLOWER OIL

      Manufacturing Process
      Extraction with Solvent
      Constrcution of Apparatus
      Concentration of Solutions
      Final Concentration
      Concrete Flower Oils
      Conversion of Concretes
      into Absolutes
      Plant Economics
      Rated Plant  Capacity
      Land & Building
      Plant and Machinery
      Fiex Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even Point (B.E.P.)

      PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF JASMINE FOR ESSENTIAL OIL

      Extraction of Jasmine
      Concrete and its Economic  Prospect


      LEMON GRASS OIL

      Manufacturing  Process
      Process Flow Diagram
      Raw Material Position

      PALMOIL CRUSHING UNIT

      Manufacturing Process
      Technology and Process
      Description
      Reception of Raw Material
      Sterilizing
      Stripping
      Digesting
      Pressing/Oil Extraction
      Process flow Sheet  for Palm Oil
      Clarification and Storage
      Plant Economics
      Rated Plant Capacity
      Land & Building
      Plant & Machinery
      Fixed Capital
      Raw Materials
      Total Capital Investment
      Turn Over/Annum
      Profit Sales Ratio
      Rate of Return
      Break Even Point (B.E.P.)

      ESSENTIAL  OILS BY STEAM DISTILLATION

      Introduction
      Principle of Distillation
      Efficiency of Distillation
      Factors affecting efficiency
      Practical Distillation of Herbs
      Surface Born Oils
      Moistur balance of Still
      Centre Born Oils
      Water Distillation
      Effect of oils affinity for water
      Effect  of Hydrolysis
      Effect of temperature/Pressure Differential
      The effect of Turburlence
      The effect of Cohobation
      Design of Equipment
      Still
      Condenser
      Receiver
      Steam Generator
      Storage

      COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM FLOWERS OF KEORA

      Abstract
      Introduction
      Composition of Essential Oil of Keora flowers
      Chemical Composition of Keora Oil


      DISTILLATION OF EUCALYPTUS HYBRID OIL

      Abstract
      Introduction
      Materials and Methods
      Discussions
      Conclusion
      Percentage of Climate in the oil

      TURMERIC  LEAF OIL

      Abstract
      Introduction
      Materials  and Methods
      Plant Material
      Distillation of Essential Oil
      GC analysis
      Identification of the compounds
      Results and Discussion
      Composition of the Essential oil of Turmeric Leaf

      ESSENTIAL OILS  FLAVOURS

      Gas Liquid Chromatography
      Capillary and Chiral 
      Gas Chromatography
      Preparative Gas Chromatography
      Column Chromatography
      Thin Layer  Chromatography
      Instrumental Thin Layer Chromatography(High Performance Thin Layer  Chromatography H.PTLC
      Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE)/Fractionation/(SFF)/ Chromatography (SFC)
      Techniques Ancillary to Gas Chromatography
      Retention Indices
      Mass Spectrometry
      Multidimensional GC-MS
      HRGC-FTIR
      High Pressure
      Liquid Chromatogrph
      Chemical Transformation
      Techniques Ancillary to Liquid Chromatography
      Ultra Violet and Infra Red Spectroscopy
      Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
      Detection of Synthetics in Natural Oils by Isotopes Analysis
      Isotope Analysis by MS
      ISotope Analysis by NMR
      Intelligent  Sensor Technology

      TECHNOLOGY OF ESSENTIAL OILS

      Odoriferous  Elements
      Preliminary Treatment
      Process of Manufacture
      By Maceration
      Exhaustion of Oil Bearing Sources
      Concentration of the Oil
      Collecting the Oil
      By Distillation
      By Expression
      Enfleurage
      Solvent Extraction
      Absolutes
      Preservation
      Properties
      Ajwan Oil
      Amla Oil
      Aniseed Oil
      Camphor
      Cinnamon Oil
      Citrus Oils
      Cloves Oil
      Cardamom Oil
      Cassia Oil
      Eucalyptus  Oil
      Geranium Oil
      Ginger Grass Oil
      Khus Oil
      Lemon Grass Oil
      Lemon Rind Oil etc.
      Linaloe Oil
      Palmarosa Or Rosha
      Grass Oil
      Orange Oil
      Pumelo Oil
      Rose Oil
      Sandalwood Oil
      Salresin or Chua Oil
      Turpentine Oil

      ESSENCES AND OTTOS: PREPARATION OF ESSENCES

      Mode of Preparation
      Floral Extracts
      Classes of Essences
      Blending
      Filtering and Packing

      NATURAL ESSENCES

      Bakul
      Henna
      Musk Henna
      Ketaki
      Bela
      Mallika
      Gandharaj
      Hasu No Henna
      Champaka
      Jahuri Chamapaka
      Kantali Champaka
      Rose
      Tuberose
      Chameli
      Jasmine
      Khus
      Fanti
      Orange
      Ambergris
      Musk
      Patchauli
      Cloves
      Lavender
      Pumelo
      Cassia
      White Rose
      Orange
      Bergamot
      Violet
      Rose Geranium
      Lemon
      Sandalwood

      MANUFACTURING OF ARTIFICIAL ESSENCES

      Simple  Essences
      Handkerchief Essences
      Compound Essences
      Forgot Me-Not
      Remember Me
      Sir Walter Scott
      Essence Jasmine
      Kiss me quick
      Musk Rose
      Essence Vicoria
      American Beuty
      Essence Tuberose Lily
      Essence Rose
      Nizam Monte Cristo
      Sultana
      Lavenia
      Jung Bahadur
      Jubilee Rajanigandha
      Madhumati
      Canaga Kusum
      Marsenil
      Lily Blossom
      Chandra Mallika
      Cerry Laurel
      Emperor
      Cashmere Bakul Coronation
      Cherry Vanilla
      Prince Rose
      Boquet Empress
      Durbar
      Viceroy Verbena
      Nepolean Lily
      Heliotrope
      Hyacinth

      PREPARATION OF OTTOS

      Floral Ottos
      Rose
      Bela
      Chameli
      Jasmine
      Mallika
      Madhumalati
      Henna
      Musk Henna
      Champaka
      Kantali Champaka
      Jahuri Champaka
      Dolan Champaka
      Negeswar Champaka
      Bakul
      Gandharaj
      Hasu-No-Henna
      Patchauli
      Tuberose
      Keora
      Kamini
      Khus
      Janti
      Pumelo
      Shephalica
      Sandalwood
      Artificial Ottos
      Marketing

      ROSE AND KEORA WATER

      Rose Water and Otto
      Keora Water

      TOILET WATER

      Lavender Water
      Amber Lavender
      Ambergris Lavender Water
      Eau De Lavender Millefleurs
      Odoriferous Lavender Water
      Florica Water
      Violet Water
      Eau De Colone

      TECHNOLOGY OF FLAVOURS

      Introduction
      Flavour Classification
      Flavour Formation in Plants
      Biogenesis of Fruits Aroma
      Flavours from Fatty Metabolism
      Flavours from Amino Acid  Metabolism
      Flavours formed from Carbohydrate Metabolism
      Flavour Formation in Vegetable
      Flavour Formation from Crysteine Sulfoxide Derivatives
      Flavour Formation from Gluconsinolates
      Additional Pathways for Vegetable Flavour Formation
      Location of Flavour in Plant
      Influence of Genetics, Nutrition Environment, Maturity and Storage on Flavour
      Conclusions
      Chemistry of Essential Oils
      Terpenes
      Oxygenated Terpenoid Compounds
      Benzenoid Compounds
      Compounds Containing
      Nitrogen and  Sulfur
      Nitrogen Compounds
      Sulfur Compounds
      Sulfur Containing Oils
      White Mustard
      Black (Brown) Mustard
      Fruit Flavours
      Aromatic Components
      Fruit Sugars and Acids
      Monosaccharides
      Disaccharides
      Trisaccharides
      Nonsugars (Polysaccharides)
      Flavour of Dairy Products
      Milk
      Cheese
      Flavour Development
      Fatty Acids
      Carbonyls
      Sulfur Compounds
      Amino Acids and Peptides
      Flavour Balance
      Roquefort (Blue) Cheese Flavour
      Flavour Development
      Fermentation
      Fungi
      Black Tea Aroma
      Flavour Formation
      During Thermal Processing
      Nonenzymatic Browning
      General Overview  of Maillard Browning
      Factors Influencing
      Browning  Rate
      Temprature
      pH
      Water Activity
      Influence of Fat
      Summary
      Formation of Flavour Compounds
      Flavours from Lipids
      Deep Fat Fried Flavours
      Hydrolytic Reactions
      Oxidation
      Pyrolysis Reactions
      Effect of Frying Condition on Flavour
      Mechanisms of Flavour Formation
      Lactones
      Seafood Flavours
      Caramelization
      Flavours Formed Via Fermentation
      Esters
      Acids
      Carbonyls
      Alcohols
      Terpenes
      Lactones
      Pyrazines
      Conclusions

      ROLE OF PERFUMER

      QUALITY CONTROL IN AROMATIC PLANTS


      Introduction
      Biosynthetic pathway of essential oil
      Metabolic interconversion of monoterpenes of cymbopogon
      Biosynthetic of monoterpenes of Mentha
      Genetic manipulation of enzyme activity
      Genetic manipulation of marker traits
      Genetic manipulation for tolerance  to seasonal variation
      Genetic manipulation of quality Application and scientific outputs
      Imporoed major  constituents(s) of oil
      Modified chemical profile of oil
      Genetically rectified defects in oil composition
      Conclusion

      PALMAROSA OIL

      Introduction
      Materials and Methods
      Results and Discussion
      Oil Yield
      Herbage yield
      Oil Recovery Percentage and Geraniol Control

      CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF LEMONGRASS VARIETIES

      Materials and Methods
      Results and Discussion

      KEWDA ESSENTIAL OIL AND ATTAR

      Introduction
      Materials and Methods
      Determination and Methoxyl Group
      Determination of Hydroxyl Group
      Methoxyl Value Determination
      Conclusion


      PALMAROSA OILS

      Introduction
      Materials and Methods
      Results and Discussion

      SANDALWOOD

      Introduction
      Materials and Methods
      Materials
      Apparatus
      Results and Discussion

      TECHNOLOGY OF PALMAROSA OIL

      Introduction
      Material and Methods
      Results and Discussion
      Plant Establishment & Growth
      Herb and Oil Yield
      Seedlings Growth  and Development
      Conclusion

      LEMONGRASS OIL

      Introduction
      Materials and Methods
      Results and Discussion
      Effect on Plant Height  and  Number of Tillers
      Effect on Herbage and Oil Yield
      Oil and Citral Content

      PATCHOULI OIL

      Introduction
      Materials and Methods
      Growth Attributes of Patchouli
      Differences due to Cultivars
      Growth as influenced by Nitrogen
      Oil Content, Fresh Herbage Yield and Oil Yield
      Variation due to Cultivars
      Influence to Nitrogen on Yields

      ROSE SCENTED GERANIUM

      IntroductionGenotypes/Varienties
      Cultivation Practices
      Planting
      Spacing
      Intercropping
      Fertilizers
      Plant Growth Regulators
      Weeds
      Partial Shade
      Season
      Pests and Diseases
      Harvesting Distillationg and Economics
      Quality of Oil

      BASIL OIL

      Introduction
      Materials  and Methods
      Results and Discussion

      TURPENTINE OIL

      Introduction
      Materials and Methods
      Results and Discussion

      ESSENTIAL OIL CONSTITUENTS OIL HYDRODISTILLATION VS CO2  EXTRACTION

      Introduction
      Collistemone Ianceolatus
      Murrya koenigii
      Lantana camara
      Tagetes arecta
      Ocimum sanctum
      Materials and Methods
      Results and discussion
      Conculsion
      Acknowledgement

      Engineers India Research Institute (EIRI) is a renowned name in the industrial world for offering technical and financial consultancy services.

      EIRI services are:


      Detailed Feasibility Reports
      New Project Identification
      Project Feasibility and Market Study
      Identification of Lucrative Industrial Project Opportunities
      Preparation of Project Profiles / Pre-Investment and Detailed Feasibility Studies,
      Market Surveys / Studies, Market Survey Cum Detailed Techno-Economic Feasibility Reports
      Project Reports in CD Roms
      Identification of Plant /Process/Machinery and Equipment, Industrial General Guidance for setting up new industrial projects.

      Our most up-to-date and Technologically Advanced Industrial Project Reports, categorized with respect to Financial Outlays and Sector – wise Classification are immensely useful for :

      Existing Small or Medium Scale Industrialists facing competition from large houses
      Young Entrepreneurs dreaming to start their own industrial enterprise
      Young Graduates and Professionals wishing to begin their career
      Industrialists interested in Debottlenecking  their capacities & New Product – Lines
      Large Industrial Houses pursuing  Expansion, Growth and Diversification Plans

      How to Make Project Report?

      Detailed Project Report (DPR) includes Present Market Position and Expected Future Demand, Technology, Manufacturing Process, Investment Opportunity, Plant Economics and Project Financials. comprehensive analysis from industry covering detailed reporting and evaluates the position of the industry by providing insights to the SWOT analysis of the industry.

      Each report include Plant Capacity, requirement of Land & Building, Plant & Machinery, Flow Sheet Diagram, Raw Materials detail with suppliers list, Total Capital Investment along with detailed calculation on Rate of Return, Break-Even Analysis and Profitability Analysis. The report also provides a birds eye view of the global industry with details on projected market size and then progresses to evaluate the industry in detail.

      We can prepare detailed project report on any industry as per your requirement. 

      We can also modify the project capacity and project cost as per your requirement. If you are planning to start a business, contact us today.

      Detailed Project Report (DPR) gives you access to decisive data such as:

      • Market growth drivers
      • Factors limiting market growth
      • Current market trends
      • Market structure
      • Key highlights

      Overview of key market forces propelling and restraining market growth:

      • Up-to-date analyses of market trends and technological improvements
      • Pin-point analyses of market competition dynamics to offer you a competitive edge major competitors
      • An array of graphics, BEP analysis of major industry segments
      • Detailed analyses of industry trends
      • A well-defined technological growth with an impact-analysis
      • A clear understanding of the competitive landscape and key product segments

      Need Customized Project Report?

      1. Ask for FREE project related details with our consultant/industry expert.
      2. Share your specific research requirements for customized project report.
      3. Request for due diligence and consumer centric studies.
      4. Still haven't found what you're looking for? Speak to our Custom Research Team

      About Engineers India Research Institute:

      EIRI Board is a single destination for all the industry, company and country reports. We feature large repository of latest industry reports, leading and niche company profiles, and market statistics prepared by highly qualified consultants and verified by a panel of experts.

      Note: We can also prepare project report on any subject based on your requirement and country. If you need, we can modify the project capacity and project cost based on your requirement.

      Our reports provide an expansive market analysis of the sector by covering areas like growth drivers, trends prevailing in the industry as well as comprehensive SWOT analysis of the sector.

      Our Approach

      • Our research reports comprehensively cover Indian markets (can be modified as per your country), present investigation, standpoint and gauge for a time of five years*.
      • The market conjectures are produced on the premise of optional research and are cross-accepted through associations with the business players
      • We use dependable wellsprings of data and databases. What's more, data from such sources is handled by us and incorporated into the report

      Why buy EIRI reports?

      1. Our project reports include detailed analysis that help to get industry Present Market Position and Expected Future Demand.
      2. Offer real analysis driving variables for the business and most recent business sector patterns in the business
      3. This report comprehends the present status of the business by clarifying a complete SWOT examination and investigation of the interest supply circumstance
      4. Report gives investigation and top to bottom money related correlation of real players/competitors
      5. The report gives gauges of key parameters which foresees the business execution