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    Complete Technology Book on Identification of Plastics and Plastic Products Materials (Additives, Applications, Biodegradation, Biomedical, Bulk Moulding Compound, Chemical Analysis, XLPE, Drip Irrigation, Expanded Polyethylene, Polystyrene & HDPE)

    Complete Technology Book on Identification of Plastics and Plastic Products Materials (Additives, Applications, Biodegradation, Biomedical, Bulk Moulding Compound, Chemical Analysis, XLPE, Drip Irrigation, Expanded Polyethylene, Polystyrene & HDPE)
    Complete Technology Book on Identification of Plastics and Plastic Products Materials (Additives, Applications, Biodegradation, Biomedical, Bulk Moulding Compound, Chemical Analysis, XLPE, Drip Irrigation, Expanded Polyethylene, Polystyrene & HDPE)
    ₹ 1,075 INR
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      The book covers Identification of Plastics, Additives for Polyolefins, Various Plastics Applications, Biodegradation of Plastics and Polymers, Biomedical Applications of Polymers and Plastics, Bulk Moulding Compounds (BMC), Chemical Analysis of Plastics and Polymers, Chemical Analysis of Additives in Plastics and polymers, Cross Linked Polyethylene Compound, Drip Irrigation, Biodegradable Polymer Systems, Electrically Conducting Polymers, Expanded Polyethylene, Expanded Polystyrene, HDPE Tarpaulins as Sacks for Fruits & Vegetables, High Density Polyethylene (HDPE).

       

      Product Description

      IDENTIFICATION OF PLASTICS

      Beginning
      Inhouse identification facilities
      Laboratory
      Equipments to be used
      Glasswares and other Accessories
      Optional accessories
      Chemicals
      Solvents
      Organic reagents
      Inorganic chemicals
      Acids and bases
      Miscellaneous
      Identification of Plastics (Simple Methods)
      Physical Identification
      Visual appearance
      Method of fabrication
      Penetration to hot rod and cutting with a knife
      Floatation test
      Colour
      Odour
      Burning test
      Bending test
      Film tear test
      Chemical Identification
      Pyrolysis test
      Solubility test
      Softening and melting points
      Detection of elements
      Preparation of sodium fusion extract
      Nitrogen
      Chlorine and Bromine
      Fluorine
      Sulphur
      Detection of phosphorus
      Preparation of ammonium molybdate solution
      Confirmation tests
      Tests for Polyolefins
      Test for Chlorine Containing Polymers
      Test for Caprolactum in Nylon 6
      Test for Adipic acid in Nylon 6.6
      Test for Polycarbonate
      Test for PMMA
      Test for Polyacetals
      Tests for PET and PBT
      Test for Polyurethane
      Test for Cellulose in Cellulosics (Molisch Reaction)
      Test for acetates and propionates
      Test for cellulose ethers
      Detection of methyl cellulose
      Reaction to heating and burning
      Detection of ethyl cellulose
      Tests for phenol formaldehyde (PF), urea formaldehyde (UF) and melamine formaldehyde (MF)
      Test for epoxy resin
      Foucry test
      Test for alkyd resins
      Test for phthalate
      Identification of plastics materials
      Thermoplastics
      ABS
      Acetal
      Acrylic
      Cellulose acetate
      Cellulose acetate butyrate
      Cellulose propionate
      Fluorocarbons (FEP,CTFE, PTFE, PVF)
      Nylons
      Polycarbonate
      Thermoplastic polyester
      PVC
      Polyethylene
      Polypropylene
      Polystyrene
      Polyphenylene oxide (PPO)
      Polysulphone
      Polyurethane (Thermoplastic)
      Thermosetting Plastics
      Diallyphthalate (DAP)
      Epoxy
      Phenol formaldehyde
      Urea formaldehyde
      Melamine formaldehyde
      Polyesters
      Silicones
      Identification of plastics (instrumental methods)Infrared Spectroscopy
      Sample preparation
      Capillary films
      Solutions
      Films
      Pellets
      Mulls
      Identification
      Monomer content studies
      Crystallisation of polymers
      Compatibility of polymers
      Copolymer composition analysis
      Polymer degradation
      Thermal Analysis
      Differential scanning calorimetry
      Thermogravimetric analyser
      Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography
      Applications
      Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR)
      Applications of NMR to polymers

      ADDITIVES FOR POLYOLEFINS

      Introduction
      Types of Additives
      Incorporation of Additives
      Antioxidants
      Types
      U.V.Stabilizers
      Antiblocking agents
      Slip agents
      Antistatic agents
      Metal deactivators
      Colourants
      Nucleating Agents
      Crosslinking
      Flame retardants
      Fillers and reinforcing agents
      Impact modifiers
      Blowing agents
      Cling agents
      Lubricants & processing aids
      masterbatches

      VARIOUS PLASTICS APPLICATIONS

      Introduction
      Plastics for space application
      Materials for space
      Materials for structural and related applications
      Thermal control Materials
      Materials for lubricated system
      Electronic Components Materials
      Materials for adhesion/sealing etc.
      Adhesives
      Sealant
      Plastics Engineering in automobiles
      Safety and Economy in Automobiles
      Engineering Plastics in Electronics
      Properties
      Modification of Engineering Plastics
      Application in Electronics Industry
      Engineering Plastics vs Metals
      Capacitors
      Plastic Encapsulation of Semi Conductors
      Covers and Enclosures
      Mechanical and Electrical Parts
      Printed Circuit Boards (PCB)
      Newer Plastics
      High temperature PES
      Polyether ether ketone (PEEK)
      Engineering Thermoplastics for Mechanical Engineering Applications
      Nylon Polyamide
      Excellent mechanical load bearing capacity
      Favourable friction and abrasion properties
      Self lubrication
      Vibration and sound damping
      Applications in mechanical components
      Thermoplastic Polyester
      Specific properties
      Typical applications in mechanical engineering Polyacetal (POM)
      Applications
      Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
      Properties
      Applications
      Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)
      Properties
      Applications
      Thermoplastic Polyurethanes
      Applications
      Polyethylene terephathalate and polybutylene terephthalate in engineering applications
      Properties
      Processing
      Sensitivity to hydrolytic degradation
      Low melt viscosity
      Precise temperature control
      Mould heating
      Applications
      Electrical
      Electronics
      Automotives
      Domestic applications
      Lamps
      Mechanical
      Building
      Plastics in buildings
      Plastic Materials
      Construction aids
      Wall panel
      Thermal insulation
      Sealants
      Adhesives in buildings
      Advantages and Disadvantages
      Advantages
      Disadvantages
      Applications of recycled plastics
      Recycled LDPE
      Recycled PVC
      Recycled Polystyrene (PS)
      Domestic
      Recycled Polyethylene Tetrephthalate (PET)
      Recycled Commingied Plastics Waste

      BIODEGRADATION OF PLASTICS AND POLYMERS

      Mechanisms of degradation in polymers
      Photodegradation
      Thermal degradation
      Chemical degradation
      Biological degradation
      Factors affecting biodegradability
      Effect of Polymer structure, chemical composition and properties
      Effect of Environmental factors
      Soil texture and structure
      Soil temperature
      Cation exchange capacity
      Soil organic matter (SOM)
      Water
      Soil pH

      BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF POLYMERS AND PLASTICS

      Classification of Biopolymers
      Polyester
      Polycaprolactone
      Poly(b-hydroxybutyrate)
      Poly(phosphoesters)
      Polycarbonates
      Poly(amides)
      Polyphosphazenes
      Poly(orthoesters)
      Polyanhydrides
      Factor Affecting Biodegradation
      Effect of Polymer Structures
      Effect of Polymer Morphology
      Effect of Molecular Weight
      Effect of Radiation and Chemical Treatment
      Biomedical Applications
      Surgical Sutures
      Bone Fixation Devices

      BULK MOULDING COMPOUNDS (BMC)

      Overview
      Bulk Moulding Compounds
      What are bulk Moulding Compounds
      Characteristics of Bulk Moulding Compounds
      Thermal stability
      Flame Retardance
      Electrical Properties
      Colours
      Resistance to Chemicals and Stains
      Cost
      Storage and Shelf life
      Processability
      Recyclability
      Conclusion
      Common uses of BMC in automotive industry

      CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF PLASTICS AND POLYMERS

      Introduction
      Preparation for Analysis
      Preliminary examination
      Nitrogen
      Chlorine
      Sulphur
      Phosphorus
      Saponification Number
      Phenols
      Methyl Alcohol
      Ethyl Alcohol
      Phthalic Acid
      Colophony Resins
      Other Resins
      Nitro groups
      Aidehydes
      Furfural
      Coumarone
      Aniline
      Glycerol
      Carbohydrate (Cellulose)
      Acetic Acid
      Quantitative analysis
      Cellulose Ethers
      Methylcellulose
      Ethylcellulose
      Benzylcellulose
      Cellulose Esters
      Cellulose acetate
      Cellulose acetobutyrate
      Nitrocellulose
      Polyvinyl Esters
      Polyvinyl acetate
      Polyvinyl chloride
      Polyvinyl chloride acetate
      Polystyrene
      Polymethacrylic and Polyacrylic Esters
      Phenol formaldehyde Condensation Products
      Aminoplastis
      Proteinoplasts
      Aniline formaldehyde
      Urea resins
      Melamine formaldehyde resin
      Thiourea resin
      Sulphonemide formaldehyde resins
      Nylon
      Analysis of aminoplasts
      Chlorinated Plastics
      Chlorinated rubber
      Chlorinated diphenyl
      Chlorinated naphthalene
      Chloroprene
      Natural and synthetic rubber
      Plasticizers

      CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ADDITIVES IN PLASTICS AND POLYMERS

      Beginning
      Direct spectroscopy of polymer films
      Apparatus
      Procedure
      Preparation of sample film
      Recording the infrared spectrum
      Measurement of Absorbance
      Calibration
      Preliminary solvent extraction
      Solvent Extraction Procedures
      Determination of tinuvin 326 in polypropylene
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Procedure
      Calibration
      Polymer Extraction
      Determination of phenolic antioxidants
      Determination of amine antioxidants
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Methanol hydrochloric acid solvent
      Procedure “A”
      Alternate Procedure “B” for PBNA
      Determination of plasticizers
      Extraction with Single Solvents
      Extraction with Mixed Solvents
      Multiple Extractions
      Improvement of Extractions
      Determination of ultra violet absorbers
      Method
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Calibration
      Cetting up the fluorimeter
      Console controls
      Dynode supply
      Filter
      Recorder
      Analysis of Polystyrene
      Calculations
      Determination of Polygard
      Determination of organic peroxides
      Determination of p-tert butyl Perbenzoate in Polystyrene
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Procedure
      Calculations
      Valuation of styrene, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile monomers
      Direct Ultra violet Spectroscopic Method for Styrene
      Distillation/Ultra violet Spectroscopic Method for Styrene
      Polarographic Method for Acrylonitrile
      Apparatus
      Reagents
      Acrylonitrile and styrene monomers Re-distill the monomers immediately before use
      Hydrogen or nitrogen extremely low oxygen content
      Procedure

      CROSS LINKED POLYETHYLENE COMPOUND

      Introduction
      Plant & Machinery
      Radiation crosslinking
      Compounding
      Applications of radiation crosslinking
      Preference of XLPE in cables
      Uses of radiation crosslinked polyethylene
      Formulations & Processing parameters

      DRIP IRRIGATION

      What is Drip Irrigation?
      Typical setup of Drip Irrigation System
      Why Drip Irrigation?
      Gvernment Initiative for Popularisation of Irrigation System
      Micro Irrigation Scheme
      Indian Business
      RR+DRTS Together
      Important Features of Drip Line Pipe Plant Supplied by R.R.
      Drip Emitters DRTS PC Dripper
      Why pressure compensating (PC) drippers?
      Advantages in slopes
      Precision
      Lower project cost
      Simple Design
      Fertilizer advantages

      BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER SYSTEMS

      Introduction
      New tissues using function cells and bio degradable polymer scafffolds
      Polymers serve severa Ipurposes
      Effective as scaffolds for cell delivery in the generation of new tissue
      Some disadvantages of these polymers
      Poly (glycolic acid), PGA and poly (lactic acid), PLA and their copolymers
      Medical application of PGA
      Concerns about degradation
      Cross linkable PPF, poly (propylene fumarate)
      Polyanhydrides
      Polyanhydride for drug delivery applications
      Photo cross linkable polyanhydride
      Poly carbonates
      Polyphosphazene
      Poly orthoesters
      Polyurethanes
      Development of injectable and biodegradable polymer for tissue engineering
      Requirements in orthopedic tissue engineering

      ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTING POLYMERS

      Introduction
      Structural features
      The band theory of solids and the electrical conductivity of p-conjugated polymers
      Doping of organic conjugated polymers
      General methods of preparationof conducting polymers
      Chemical routes
      Electrochemical synthesis
      Photochemical synthesis
      Attempts to improve the processability of conducting polymers
      Electrically conducting polyaniline
      Chemical synthesis of emeraldine base
      Electrochemical synthesis of polyaniline
      Earlier doping studies on polyaniline
      Use of Polymer functionalized dopants
      Influence of organic sulphonic acids
      Polyanilline camphor sulphonic acid/dodpcyl benzene sulphonic acid systems
      Secondary doping in polyaniline
      Organic phosphonic acids as the dopants
      Naturally available organic compound as dopants
      Applications of conducting polymers
      Conducting plastics in devices
      Coaxial cable
      Electromagnetic shielding
      Thin film trqansistors
      Flexible display
      Smart windows
      Solder
      Batteries
      Artificial muscle
      Biological Sensors
      Camouflage coatings
      Electroluminescence Lightemitting diode (LED)
      Electrostatic materials
      Conducting adhesives
      Printed circuit boards
      Aircraft structures
      Molecular electronics
      Electrochemical actators
      Smart structures

      EXPANDED POLYETHYLENE

      Beginning
      Process
      Raw materials
      Blowing Agents
      Chemical Blowing Agents (CBA)
      Physical blowing agents (PBA)
      CFC
      Butane
      Other additives
      Open and closed cell foamed plastics
      Non-crossedlinked foam
      Crosslinked foam
      Mouldable Foam beads
      properties
      Antistatic property
      Fire retardant property
      Density
      Size of cells
      Thermal conductivity
      Temperature range
      Fabrication versatility
      Laminate products
      Applications
      Cushion packaging
      Automotive use
      Shoes/sports gods
      Carpet underlay
      Construction
      Conclusion

      EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE

      Introduction
      Manufacturing process
      Diffusion of blowing agent into Polystyrene
      The Quenched Pellet Process
      Extrusion process
      Processing temperature
      Effect of cell nucleating agent
      General processing parameters of polystyrene
      Some Properties of Polystyrene
      properties are to be measured (After foaming)
      Applications

      HDPE TARPAULINS AS SACKS FOR FRUITS & VEGETABLES

      Introduction
      11th Plant aimed at doubleing the annual growth rate in the agriculture sector to 4 percent
      Growth
      Plastics in Agribusiness
      Tarpaulin
      Advantages of HDPE Tarpaulin
      Polyethylene Tarpaulins
      Manufacturing Process
      Lamination
      Sealing
      Border making
      Machinery
      Transportation
      Storage
      Plastics for Entrepreneurs
      HDPE Eyeleted Tarpaulins as sacks for packaging of fruits & vegetales with more number of eyelets for breathability
      End Uses of HDPE Tarpaulin
      End Uses of HDPE Tarpaulin

      HIGH DENSITY POLYTHYLENE (HDPE)

      Co-ordination Polymerization (Ziegler Process)
      Mechanism
      Initiation
      Propagation

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