Detailed Project Report on zinc oxide by french process

ZINC OXIDE BY FRENCH PROCESS
[CODE NO.3505]


Zinc oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula ZnO. ZnO is a white powder that is insoluble in water, and it is widely used as an additive in numerous materials and products including rubbers, plastics, ceramics, glass, cement, lubricants, paints, ointments, adhesives, sealants, pigments, foods, batteries, ferrites, fire retardants, and first-aid tapes. Although it occurs naturally as the mineral zincite, most zinc oxide is produced synthetically.

ZnO is a wide-bandgap semiconductor of the II-VI semiconductor group. The native doping of the semiconductor due to oxygen vacancies or zinc interstitials is n-type. This semiconductor has several favorable properties, including good transparency, high electron mobility, wide bandgap, and strong room-temperature luminescence. Those properties are valuable in emerging applications for: transparent electrodes in liquid crystal displays, energy-saving or heat-protecting windows, and electronics as thin-film transistors and light-emitting diodes.


COST ESTIMATION

Plant  Capacity                                             :    16.00 MT/day              
land & Building  (4000 Sq.Mtr)                  :    Rs.  2.32 Cr
Plant & Machinery                                        :    Rs.  1.00 Cr
Working Capital for 1 Month                      :    Rs.  6.07 Cr
Total Capital Investment                            :    Rs.  9.59 Cr
Rate of Return                                             :     48%
Break Even Point                                        :    35%


INTRODUCTION    
TYPICAL SPECIFICATIONS OF ZINC OXIDE    
PROPERTIES & CHARACTERISTICS    
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES    
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES    
STRUCTURE    
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES    
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES    
GRADES OF ZINC OXIDE:-    
B.I.S. SPECIFICATION    
USES AND APPLICATIONS    
APPLICATIONS    
RUBBER MANUFACTURE    
CERAMIC INDUSTRY    
MEDICINE    
CIGARETTE FILTERS    
FOOD ADDITIVE    
PIGMENT    
UV ABSORBER    
COATINGS    
OTHER KEY PROPERTIES ARE GIVEN BELOW:    
RUBBER    
ACTIVATION    
ACCELERATION    
COMPOUND DESIGN    
PRESERVATION OF LATEX    
REINFORCEMENT    
HEAT AND LIGHT STABILIZATION    
TACK RETENTION    
RUBBER-METAL BONDING    
ADHESIVES, MASTICS, SEALANTS    
PLASTICS    
PAINTS    
METAL-PROTECTIVE COATINGS    
CIGARETTE FILTERS    
FIRE RETARDANTS    
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY    
EXPOSURE LIMITS    
EXPOSURE SOURCES AND CONTROL METHODS    
RESPIRATORY PROTECTION    
RESPIRATORS MAY BE USED:    
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT    
PERSONAL HYGIENE PROCEDURES    
RAW MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF ZINC OXIDE    
MARKET SURVEY    
PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING:-    
CONSUMPTION OF ZINC OXIDE    
PRODUCTION OF ZINC OXIDE    
INSTALLED CAPACITY, UTILIZATION OF ZINC OXIDE    
APPARENT CONSUMPTION OF ZINC OXIDE    
ESTIMATED DEMAND    
MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS OF ZINC OXIDE    
DIFFERENT PROCESSES FOR ZINC OXIDE PRODUCTION    
INDIRECT PROCESS    
DIRECT PROCESS    
WET CHEMICAL PROCESS    
LABORATORY SYNTHESIS    
ZNO NANOSTRUCTURES    
ADVANTAGE & HANDLING OF ZINC OXIDE    
ADVANTAGE OF FRENCH PROCESS    
HANDLING AND PRECAUTION OF ZINC OXIDE    
STORAGE    
SPILLS AND LEAKS    
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF ZINC OXIDE BY FRENCH PROCESS    
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF ZINC OXIDE (FRENCH PROCESS)
BY USING GALVANISER DROSS (ZINC METAL DROSS)    
PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM    
PROBLEMS WITH PRODUCTION OF ZNO    
PLANT LAYOUT    
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT    
PLANT LOCATION FACTORS    
EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT    
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES    
SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS    
ZINC METAL    
PACKAGING MATERIALS (HDPE WOVEN LAMINATED BAGS)    
SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERY    
ZINC MELTING FURNACE    
JAW CRUSHER    
    
        
APPENDIX – A:

 1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS      
 2.      LAND & BUILDING                                      
 3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY                                  
 4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT                             
 5.      RAW MATERIAL                                         
 6.      SALARY AND WAGES                                     
 7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS                              
 8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL                                
 9.      COST OF PRODUCTION                                   
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS                               
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT                                     
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE                           
13.      INTEREST CHART                                       
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART                                   
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT                                   
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET