Detailed Project Report on extraction of jasmine essence

EXTRACTION OF JASMINE ESSENCE

[EIRI/EDPR/5992] J.C.: 2582,4893XL

Jasmine  essential  oil  is extracted from  the  flowers  by enfleurage  or  by slovent extraction;  steam-distillation  gives poor yields. As the development of perfume continues for sometime after  gathering,  the enfleurage process  gives  higher  yields, nearly  2  to 3 times that obtained by  solvent  extraction.  The latter  process has, however, been found to be economical  as  it not  only recovers practically all the odorous  constituents  but also saves labour charges. In the solvent extraction process, the flowers  are  placed  in a battery of closed  cylinders  and  the refined  solvent  is allowed to run through them  in  succession. Petroleum ether is the solvent usually employed; benzene produces a  highly  coloured  product with a hard odoru.  The  solvent  is recovered by vacuum distillation and the residue, consisting   of odorous  principles  and waxes, consititutes  the  concrete.  The absolute is obtained by separating the waxy material by treatment with high proof alcohol.

The   enfleurage  process  was  generally   adopted,   until recently, for the extraction of essence, particularly in  France. It is the method employed in India. In this process, the  perfume is  absorbed by a fatty body from which it is later recovered  by alcohol, acetone or other solvent. In France, where this  process has  been in vogue for centuries, fresh flowers are gathered  and placed  on  glass trays smeared with refined fat ( lard  or  beef suet  or a mixture of the two); the exhausted flowers  are  daily replaced  by fresh flowers, till the fat becomes fully  saturated with  the perfume. The pomade obtained is extracted with  alcohol and the extract distilled to give the absolute. Treated  flowers, which  still retain some perfume, are extracted  with  pertroleum ether to yield a second-grade product.

The yield of concrete, varies from 0.28 to 34% . There is  a 45-53%  yield  of  absolute  and a 10 to  19%  content  of  steam distillable  substances.  The  yield  of  absolute  obtained   by enfleurage  is mich higher. The yield and quality of the  perfume depend upon several factors: flowers gathered from high altitudes give  a product of superior quality; those gathered early in  the morning yield more oil of a finer aroma than those picked at noon or  in  the afternoon; those gathered in warm and  sunny  weather give  a better yield and quality of perfume than those  collected in   cloudy  or  rainy  weather.  Flowers  should  be   processed immediately after harvest and the temperature of extraction  kept as low as possible.

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity                            10 kg/Day 

Land & Building (1000 sq.mt.)  Rs. 15.00 Lacs    

Plant & Machinery                    Rs. 13.45 Lacs 

Working Capital for 2 Month    Rs. 1.08 Cr 

Total Capital Investment          Rs. 1.39 Cr 

Rate of Return                          56%

Break Even Point                      47%

CONTENTS

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

PROPERTIES

USES

B.I.S. SPECIFICATION

MARKET OVERVIEW OF ESSENTIAL OIL

100% EXPORT ORIENTED UNITS (100% EOU)

A 100% EXPORT ORIENTED UNIT WOULD IMPLY:-

SIA

APPLICATION

EXPORT PROMOTION ORGANIZATION (OTHER THAN EPCS

   /COMMODITY BOARDS)

GUIDANCE/CLARIFICATIONS

PRESENT MANUFACTURERS/SUPPLIERS/EXPORTERS 

   OF ESSENTIAL OILS

ESSENTIAL OIL AND ITS CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF ESSENTIAL OILS:

EXTRACTION METHODS OF ESSENTIAL OIL

STEAM DISTILLATION PROCESS

SOLVENT EXTRACTION

CO2 EXTRACTION

THE CO2 EXTRACTION PROCESS

DETAILS OF SOLVENT EXTRACTION METHOD

CONCRETE AND RESINOID

ABSOLUTE

CO2 EXTRACTION

SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION (SFE) OF ESSENTIAL OIL

EFFECT OF EXTRACTION CONDITIONS

DETAILS OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION

PUMPS

PRESSURE VESSELS

PRESSURE MAINTENANCE

COLLECTION

HEATING AND COOLING

PROCESS OUTLINE TO MANUFACTURE ESSENTIAL OIL

FOR EXAMPLE

PERCENTAGE EXTRACTED USING SUPER CRITICAL FLUID 

   EXTRACTION SYSTEM

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

PRINCIPLES OF PLANT LAYOUT

STORAGE LAYOUT:

EQUIPMENT LAYOUT:

SAFETY:

PLANT EXPANSION:

FLOOR SPACE:

UTILITIES SERVICING:

BUILDING:

MATERIAL-HANDLING EQUIPMENT:

RAILROADS AND ROADS:

MAJOR PROVISIONS IN ROAD PLANNING FOR MULTIPURPOSE 

   SERVICE ARE:

PLANT LOCATION FACTORS

PRIMARY FACTORS

1. RAW-MATERIAL SUPPLY:

2. MARKETS:

3. POWER AND FUEL SUPPLY:

4. WATER SUPPLY:

5. CLIMATE:

SPECIFIC FACTORS

6. TRANSPORTATION:

A. AVAILABILITY OF VARIOUS SERVICES AND PROJECTED RATES

7. WASTE DISPOSAL:

8. LABOR:

9. REGULATORY LAWS:

10. TAXES:

11. SITE CHARACTERISTICS:

12. COMMUNITY FACTORS:

13. VULNERABILITY TO WARTIME ATTACK:

14. FLOOD AND FIRE CONTROL:

EXPLANATION OF TERMS USED IN THE PROJECT REPORT

1. DEPRECIATION:

2. FIXED ASSETS:

3. WORKING CAPITAL:

4. BREAK-EVEN POINT:

5. OTHER FIXED EXPENSES:

6. MARGIN MONEY:

7. TOTAL LOAD:

8. LAND AREA/MAN POWER RATIO:

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES

INTRODUCTION

PROJECT HANDLING

PROJECT SCHEDULING

PROJECT CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE

TIME SCHEDULE

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERIES

ROTARY WASHER

PULVERIZERS

STRAINERS

STORAGE VESSEL

WEIGHING MACHINE

MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENTS

POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENTS

D.G. SETS

SUPPLIERS OF RAW MATERIALS

FLOWERS

GLASS BOTTLES

SUPPLIERS OF PLANT AND MACHINERIES (GLOBAL)

APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING

03. PLANT AND MACHINERY

04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS

05. FIXED CAPITAL

06. RAW MATERIAL

07. SALARY AND WAGES

08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS

09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL

10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT

11. COST OF PRODUCTION

12. TURN OVER/ANNUM

13. BREAK EVEN POINT

14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE

15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS

16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS

17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS

18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)