Detailed Project Report on sodium dichromate

 SODIUM DICHROMATE

[CODE NO. 5780]

Chromium  was  discovered at the end of  18th  century,  was found  to  be  a  principal constituent  of  chromite,  the  sole commercial  source of chromium and its compounds. A  few  decades later  this ore was being subjected to oxidative roasting in  the presence  of  soda  and lime in  manually  operated  furnaces  to produce  water  soluble sodium di-chromate.  This  was  processed further  to yield yellow, red, and green chromium pigments  which were  used,  among  other  things,  for  dyeing  wallpaper;  they replaced  the toxic arsenic dyes that had been used  until  then. Chromium salts soon found their way into the textile industry  as mordants for the dyeing of wool.

The importance of di-chromates increased considerably in the period  following  1870  when the rising coal  tax  dye  industry needed   large   quantities  for  the  oxidation   of   chemical-intermediates with the advent of the 20th century, chrome tanning was  introduced in leather factories and in many  areas  replaced vegetable tanning.

The  manufacture  of chromium compounds received  a  further boost  after  1930,  when  metallic  chromium  was   successfully precipitated   from chromic acid solutions by special  additions. Since  then  this  possibility   has  been  used  extensively  in electro-plating for bright and hard diromulum plating.

Chromium  is abundant in the earth's crust,  ranking  fourth among  the 29 elements. It is more abundant than cobalt, copper, zinc, molybdenum, lead nickle and cadmium.

Basic  chrome  chemicals are produced from chromite  ore  by reacting  an  alkali  lime and /or  after  diluents,  and  ground chromite  ore  in an oxidizing atmosphere at a  high  temperature (1000oC).   The chromate values  are  water-leached  from   the resulting   roast.  The chromate bleach is further  processed  to produce  various  chromium compounds and as sodium  chromote  and sodium bi-chromate which are the basic chemicals for most  chrome compunds.


Sodium dichromate-(Na2Cr2O7. 2H2O) also known as sodium  di chromate  or bi chromate of soda, is sold as crystalline  product and   as  a  solution  crystals  are  packaged  and  shipped   in multiwall,  moisture-resistant bags, in moisture resistant  fibre or   steel  drums  or  in  sparger  cars.  In  the  sparger   car system,crystalline  sodium  bi chromate is shipped dry  and  then unloaded by dissolving with water at the destination. This system provides  a  30% freight savings when compared  to  shipping  69% solution. Solution containing 69% Sodium bi chromate, which has a freezing point of 48oC (-59.4oC) is shipped in tank cars or tank trucks.


COST ESTIMATION (RUPEES IN LACS)

Plant capacity                                  200.00 TON/day         
Land & Building (10 Acres)             Rs.1683 Lacs
Plant & Machinery                            Rs. 682 Lacs
W.C. for 3 Months                           Rs. 4680  Lacs
Total Capital Investment                  Rs. 7115 Lacs
Rate of Return                                41%
Break Even Point                            31%


1.   INTRODUCTION                                      
2.   PROPERTIES AND USES                               
3.   B.I.S. SPECIFICATION                              
4.   MARKET SURVEY                                    
5.   PRESENT MANUFACTURERS                            
6.   BUYERS ADDRESSES OF SODIUM DICHROMATE            
7.   RAW MATERIAL AND THEIR AVAILABILITY              
8.   PLANT AND MACHINERY SECTION                      
9.   PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE                           
10   SULPURIC ACID PROCESS                            
11.  TRANSPORTATION, STORAGE AND HANDLING             
12.  PLANT LAYOUT                                     
13.  RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS                          
14.  PLANT AND MACHINERY SUPPLIERS                    
    

APPENDIX – A :

 1.      COST OF PLANT ECONOMICS      
 2.      LAND & BUILDING                                      
 3.      PLANT AND MACHINERY                                  
 4.      FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT                             
 5.      RAW MATERIAL                                         
 6.      SALARY AND WAGES                                     
 7.      UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS                              
 8.      TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL                                
 9.      COST OF PRODUCTION                                   
10.      PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS                               
11.      BREAK EVEN POINT                                     
12.      RESOURCES OF FINANCE                           
13.      INTEREST CHART                                       
14.      DEPRECIATION CHART                                   
15.      CASH FLOW STATEMENT                                   
16.      PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET